Provincial Gods and Goddesses
During the time of Elagabalus 218-222 AD, the Roman provincial cities, including Markianopolis (Marcianopolis) generally were generally worshiping the Greek gods and goddesses. This page shows the coins from both from Markianopolis and other provincial cities that I have with the Greek gods and goddesses on them. I provide a link to Wikipedia (w) and www.pantheon.org (p) or other (o) external sources if Wikipedia does not have information on them. The pronunciation in italics is also from www.pantheon.org, though on one that didn't have it, I used wikipedia's. In parenthesis, I have the Roman equivalent. Click (here) for my page with just the coins from Markianopolis. Most of the shown examples are from Markianopolis as the majority of my coins are from there, however a variety of additional examples listed in parenthesis are from other provincial cities.
Apollo
a-pol'-lo (Apollo, also Roman) (w)(p) Archer god of medicine and healing and a bringer of death dealing plague.He was also god of music and poetry. He was increasingly identified with the sun. Usually shown with a serpent staff OR holding a patera over an altar and a branch OR naked holding bow, with serpent at feet.Son of Zeus. (Example2 Nicopolis)
Ares
air'-eez (Mars) (w)(p) God of war. Son of Zeus and Hera. Usually in military dress. Either holding a shield and spear or a patera and cornucopia (example from Nicopolis)(Example 2 Philippopolis)(Example 3 Markianopolis)
Asklepios
or Asclepius as-klee'-pee-uhs (w)(p) Greek god of healing.Usually shown with a serpent-staff (Example2 Philippopolis)(3 Philippopolis)
Dikaiosyne
(Aequitas) (o)(o2) Female personification of fair dealing.Usually holding scales and cornucopia (Example2 Philippopolis)
Dionysos
dy-uh-ny'-suhs (Bacchus) (w)(p) God of wine. Representing the intoxicating power as well as its social and beneficent influences. Patron deity of both agriculture and theater. Usually holding thyrsos and grapes or kantharsos. Son of Zeus.
Euthenia
(Abundantia or Annona) (o) Spirit of prosperity, abundance and plenty. One of the four younger graces. Usually shown with corn-ears and a cornucopia. (Euthenia is depicted rather than Demeter as Demeter's usual attribute along with corn-ears were normally either a torch or scepter.) (example2)(3) My Euthenia and Demeter page
Hermes
hur'-meez (Mercury) (w)(p) God of commerce, boundaries and of travelers who cross them, of shepherds and cowherds, of orators of wit, of literature and poets, of athletics, of weights and measures and invention and commerce in general, and of the cunning of thieves and liars.He was also the messenger from the gods to humans.Son of Zeus. Usually shown with a purse and a caduceus. (Example2)(3 Nicopolis)
Hygieia
hy-jee'-uh (Salus) (w)(p) Goddess of health, cleanliness and sanitation and later the moon. Daughter of Aesklepios and sister of Telesphoros. Usually shown feeding a serpent. (Example2)(3)(4)(5)
Nemesis
nem'-uh-sis (w)(p) Spirit of divine retribution.Usually shown with scales and sometimes a wheel as well as with a cornucopia, scepter, rod, or parazonium (Example2)(3)(4)(5)(6 Philippopolis) (Example 3 is a tooled coin)
Nike
ny'-kee (Victory) (w)(p) Goddess who personified triumph and victory. She was capable of flying or running at great speeds. Usually shown winged and holding a wreath and palm OR standing right and emperor standing left in military attire, holding spear, erecting trophy, which stands between them, with two seated captives at base. Nike sometimes appears on coins of others. The shown example shows her resting on a column. (example2)(3 Thessalonika)(4 Nicopolis)
Telesphoros
teh-lehs-for-os (w)(o) Son of Aesklepios and Epione. Wikipedia lists him as the son of Aesklepios and Salus, though Salus is the Roman equivalent of Hygieia, his sister.With the gods, all things are possible, but in all other places concerning Hygieia and Telesphoros they list them as brother and sister rather than brother/son and sister/mother. Under Aesklepios it lists him as a son of Aesklepios and Epione. He symbolized recovery from illness. Usually cloaked standing facing.
Regional Gods:
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