The Mandolin has 8 strings arranged in 4 courses. Each paired set of strings are tuned at unison.
Because of its high pitch, and ease of movement around the fretboard, it is an instrument often used to play melodies.
Originated in Italy, but it is still very popular in Portugal, Japan, Brazil, Ireland. Also played in Germany, France, Australia, India.
The Mandolin is tuned in GDAE, as a violin.
The following table shows the standard tuning for the Mandolin:
To produce different notes, press a string on one of the frets with the left hand, and pluck it with the right hand (finger or pick).
The following chart shows the notes produced by each course, when pressed on each fret: