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The communication system of the human being can be regarded as highly complex, since, to convey the message, makes use of verbal and nonverbal. However, many individuals may notdevelop speech impairment due to the physical mechanism of expression. Among them, the child with cerebral palsy is a significant example, where a series of motor impairment limit theirproduction capacity and reconnecting the words.
Children with severe cerebral palsy, have severe difficulties to control and direct effects on the environment around them due to motor deficits, postural control and reduced manipulative skills, hampering the development of language and communication.
Bliss Communication System ,
The system Bliss Communications is a supplementary system and / or alternative communication, thus becoming a visual graphic symbol system. Bliss is a dynamic system, able to representabstract concepts. The meaning of each symbol is learned in the logic surrounding the system as a whole. There are several ways to express themselves through it: simple sentences andcomplex sentences, telegraphic messages. These levels are determined by the ability of the user and the communicative context.
The symbols are derived from a basic amount of geometric shapes and their segments. The International Communication Blissymbolics created rules motherboards, according to the size of the symbols, to carry out the preparation of drawings.
The square is used as a reference guide to draw each symbol. The top line corresponds to the "sky line" and the bottom line corresponds to the "land line". The indicators are located above thesky line at a distance corresponding to half square reference.
Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is an umbrella term that encompasses the communication methods used to supplement or replace speech or writing for those with impairments in the production or comprehension of spoken or written language. AAC is used by those with a wide range of speech and language impairments, including congenital impairments such as cerebral palsy, intellectual impairment and autism, and acquired conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. AAC can be a permanent addition to a person's communication or a temporary aid.
(Wikipedia)
Blissymbolics is a communication system originally developed by an Austrian Charles Kasiel Bliss (1896-1973) for the purpose of international communication. Bliss was a research chemist whose family escaped to
England from a Nazi concentration camp during World War II. He travelled through China, and settled in Australia in 1946. In China he became interested in the Chinese iconographic written language, and was fascinated by the fact that no matter what dialect of Chinese was spoken, the entire nation could read and write with the same characters.
Blissymbolics was first applied to the communication of children with physical disabilities by an interdisciplinary team at Ontario Crippled Children’s Centre in 1971. The system of Blissymbolics is composed of over 2,000 graphic symbols which can be combined and recombined in endless ways to create new symbols. The number of people who use Blissymbolics is not known. The system is used in over 33 countries.
[Increasing the IMPACT of assistive technology
Communication impairments module, version]
Picture Communication Symbols (PCS) / pictographic system of communication.
As noted above, the PCS was developed in 1981 by Mayer Roxana Johnson, composed primarily of 700 symbols and is subsequently expanded to approximately 3200 symbols.
The PCS system is a visual graph that contains simple drawings can be added, as necessary, photographs, figures, numbers, circles for the colors, the alphabet, other sets of drawings or symbols.
The PCS was developed in 1981 by Roxana Mayer Johnson. Initially made up of 700 symbols and later being expanded to pproximately 3200 symbols. The PCS system is a visual graph that contains simple drawings can be added, as necessary, photographs, figures, numbers, circles for the colors, the alphabet, other sets of drawings or symbols. The system was divided into six primary categories, represented by colors according to the function of each symbol. As in the written word Bliss system is located above each glyph.
White (miscellaneous): articles, conjunctions, prepositions, concept of time, alphabet, colors, etc..
Yellow: people and personal pronouns
Orange: nouns. In some books it appears that some nouns are grouped separately (eg food).
Blue: adverbs and adjectives.
Rose: symbol relating to social expressions.
Size: Similar to the sizes listed in System Bliss. In some books there are also symbols printed on the size of 1.9 cm.
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