解读

In Terraform, both required_providers and provider are related to specifying and configuring providers, but they serve different purposes:

• required_providers:
  The required_providers block is used in the terraform block to declare the providers required by the configuration. It is used to specify which provider plugins are necessary and what versions are acceptable for the configuration to work correctly. This block helps Terraform automatically download and install the necessary provider plugins.
  Example:

• hcl

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terraform {

 required_providers {

 aws = {

 source = "hashicorp/aws"

 version = "~> 3.0"

 }

 }

}

• In this example, it specifies that the configuration requires the AWS provider from HashiCorp with a version greater than or equal to 3.0 but less than 4.0.

• provider:
  The provider block is used to configure a specific instance of a provider. It defines the settings and credentials for a particular provider that will be used by the resources in the configuration.
  Example:

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provider "aws" {

 region = "us-west-2"

}

• In this example, it configures the AWS provider to use the us-west-2 region.

In summary, required_providers is used to specify the required provider plugins and their versions at a configuration level, while provider is used to configure a specific instance of a provider with settings such as credentials and region at a resource or module level. The combination of these two blocks ensures that Terraform knows which providers are needed and how they should be configured within your infrastructure code.

在Terraform中，required_providers 和 provider 都与提供者（providers）的指定和配置有关，但它们具有不同的作用：

• required_providers：
  required_providers 块用于在 terraform 块中声明配置所需的提供者。它用于指定配置需要哪些提供者插件，以及哪些版本对于配置能够正常工作是可接受的。这个块有助于Terraform自动下载和安装必要的提供者插件。
  示例：

• hcl

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terraform {

 required_providers {

 aws = {

 source = "hashicorp/aws"

 version = "~> 3.0"

 }

 }

}

• 在这个示例中，它指定配置需要来自 HashiCorp 的 AWS 提供者，版本大于或等于 3.0 但小于 4.0。

• provider：
  provider 块用于配置特定提供者的一个实例。它定义了特定提供者的设置和凭据，这将由配置中的资源使用。
  示例：

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provider "aws" {

 region = "us-west-2"

 assume_role = 

}

• 在这个示例中，它配置AWS提供者以使用 us-west-2 区域。

总结起来，required_providers 用于在配置级别指定所需的提供者插件及其版本，而 provider 用于在资源或模块级别配置特定提供者的实例，包括设置如凭据和区域等。这两个块的结合确保Terraform知道哪些提供者是必需的，以及它们在基础结构代码中应该如何配置。