Punctuation/ Capitalization

Capitalization occurs when the first letter in a word is an upper case letter. For example, the first word in this sentence contains a capital F. Marks of punctuation and capitalization help readers understand and interpret sentences better.

v Capitalize the First Word of a Sentence.

She is a very respectable girl.

How can you jump so high?

Captain of the ship is having lunch with us.

v For titles of books, magazines, journals, plays capitalize first and last words and all the words except for the articles, prepositions, conjunctions.

Gone with the Wind

The Boston Globe

I Am America

Pride and Prejudice

v Proper nouns, including the names of racial and ethnic groups; countries, nationalities, their languages, religious, etc. are capitalized.

Robin Williams

English

Orthodox

Romanticism

Mr. Perkins

v Capitalize the names of specific places, regions, parks, mountains, streets...

Sun Valley Road

Elm Street

the West Coast

Wyoming

Mount Everest

v Names of the weeks, months, holidays

Friday, July, Veterans Day...

Note: Centuries and decades are not capitalized.

the twenty-first century, the eighties (the '80s)

v Names referring to God by any religions and the names of sacred literature

Lord, King of Kings, Allah, the Bible, the Koran, Buddha

Note: The pronoun he, his, him is capitalized if it's referring to God.

The man prayed to God hopping He might save him.

v Historical events, periods, documents

the Vietnam War

the Stone Age

the Declaration of Independence

v The Pronouns "I"

I am a student.

Jerry and I are building a castle.

Why do I have to go?

v Proper nouns, brand names (shampoo, automobiles, ships, people, monuments, mountains...)

John, Colgate tooth paste, BMW, the Gateway Arch Memorial, University of Berkeley

v Capitalize abbreviations of capitalized words

NATO, U.S.A, FBI, CIA, EU

Punctuation:

1. Full stop (.)

Assertive sentence এর শেষে full stop বসে।

We are learning a language.

Internet address/ email address এর মাঝে full stop বসে।

www.bpaponneil.com/ bpaponneil@gmail.com

2. Comma (,)

একই ধরনের কিছুNoun এক সাথে লিখলে comma ব্যবহার করতে হয়।

I like to eat some fruits like mangoes, pineapple, grape etc.

কিছু কিছু Phrase বা clause এর পরে মাঝে comma বসে।

If I made that choice, if I came back, would you be here?

Tag question করতে comma ব্যবহার করতে হয়। So, yoou are going, aren’t you?

Reporting verb এর শেষে comma বসে। He said, “I will not go for this stupid thing.

Appositive এর উভয় পাশে comma বসে। The man, whom I met yesterday, is very honest.

Vocative case এর ক্ষেত্রে comma বসে। Hey, are you okay?

3. Colon

Example দিতে colon বসে। For example:

Timeলিখতে colon বসে। Now 12: 30 pm

4. Question mark (?)

Interrogative sentence এ Question mark (?) বসে।

Why don’t you understand my point?

5. Exclamation mark (!)

Exclamatory sentence এ Exclamation mark (!) বসে।

Wow! That’s great.

6. Apostrophe