The train battery market size is projected to grow from USD 277 million in 2023 to USD 378 million by 2030, at a CAGR of 4.6% from 2023 to 2030. The demand for the train battery market is driven by rapid urbanization leading to increased public transport, and demand for long-distance rail journeys is expected to boost the train battery market. Further, the growing number of high-speed trains with advanced features increased demand for electrical systems and batteries. The growing demand for metros and high-speed trains is driving the demand for the train battery market.
“Auxiliary Battery Segment is anticipated to grow at fastest CAGR during the forecast period.”
A railway auxiliary battery is a battery that is used to power non-propulsion systems on a railway vehicle. These batteries are charged by the primary generator of the railway. The application of these auxiliary systems depends on their end uses; for instance, in the case of a normal coach (without an AC system), one battery box is required for auxiliary operation whereas two battery boxes are required for AC coaches. These battery boxes provide backup to all essential train systems such as emergency lighting and ventilation systems to provide safety to the train in the absence of EAPS, output failure, and train separation incidents.
Specific applications of railway auxiliary batteries are lighting, ventilation, air conditioning, doors, and safety systems. Furthermore, railway auxiliary batteries can be used for a variety of additional systems on railway cars, including information displays, entertainment systems, and security systems. The auxiliary battery pack is heavy and is placed under the railcar to save space. As lithium-ion batteries are compact, have a higher energy density, and are lighter than conventional batteries, they are expected to be used as auxiliary batteries. They are expected to replace lead-acid batteries in the near future. An increase in demand for high-speed and metro trains is leading to the high demand for advanced features such as emergency braking, tilting systems, emergency power supply, passenger coach lighting, HVAC, communication, and door control functions is expected to drive the demand for auxiliary battery.
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“Passenger Coaches to hold the largest market share in Train Battery aftermarket during the forecast period.”
By rolling stock for train battery aftermarket, passenger coaches hold the largest market share in the global train battery aftermarket. Modern passenger coaches have features such as automated doors, infotainment systems, and passenger information systems. These coaches cost around USD 0.3-0.45 million and are, hence, expensive to replace. According to the Transport Strategy Centre, UK, railway operators can save up to USD 0.5 million per coach by the refurbishment of passenger coaches, which can improve the design life of coaches by 20 years.
Train batteries on passenger coaches are primarily used for emergency backup and to provide power during non-electrified patches for electronic systems. The extension of the operational life of passenger coaches with the installation of more advanced features to improve passenger experience are major factors that are expected to drive demand for train batteries in the aftermarket.
“Nickel-Cadmium battery hold the largest and expected to grow at fastest CAGR in train battery aftermarket, under battery type segment.”
The replacement of batteries in rolling stock is primarily driven by the limited lifespan of batteries, the demanding workload of locomotives, the need for maintenance and optimal performance, safety considerations, ongoing technological advancements, and environmental regulations.
Nickel-cadmium batteries are almost maintenance-free, apart from watering, voltage readings, and cleaning. The operational life of these batteries is around 10-15 years depending upon the periodic maintenance exercises are conducted. Thus, the replacement rate of Ni-Cd batteries is lower than lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries. Replacement of rolling stock with Ni-Cd batteries enhances performance, reduces maintenance costs, and complies with modern environmental standards. However, cell leakage and corrosion remain a cause of concern. These issues, along with the oxidization of electrodes, can lead to early replacement. As nickel-cadmium batteries are expensive and can explode during major maintenance if handled improperly, OE suppliers usually follow a repair and return policy which eliminates the need for disposal and hiring of specialized staff.
“Asia Pacific is estimated to be the largest market for train battery during the forecast period.”
The Asia Pacific is estimated to be the largest and fastest-growing market due to growth in key countries such as China, Japan, India, and South Korea. The diesel-locomotive retrofitting industry in the Asia-Pacific has witnessed significant year-on-year growth. Therefore, it has created an opportunity for battery manufacturers to develop high-energy-density batteries. The region is also a leading manufacturer of rolling stock across the globe and is expected to retain this position during the forecast period. The boom in locomotive production can be attributed to the growth of the rail network, rapid urbanization, and government initiatives toward the development of energy-efficient transportation. Additionally, Asian countries such as China are planning to extend the high-speed network to 50,000 km by 2032. The adoption rate of High-speed trains, suburban trains, and urban transit systems is highest in China, which is expected to make the country the leading market for railway batteries. In addition, a number of initiatives are being implemented by Indian Railways (IR), under this initiatives the Indian Railways have electrified 7,000 km of railway routes in 2022. Additionally, the Indian Railways intend to electrify all of their broad gauge routes by the year 2024. Train battery makers will have a lot of opportunities as a result in the near future.
Key Market Players & Startups
The train battery market is dominated by players such as Saft (France), Enersys (US), Exide Industries (India), GS Yuasa Corporation (Japan), Amara Raja Batteries Ltd (India), Hoppecke Batterien Gmbh & Co. Kg (Germany), SEC Battery (UK), First National Battery (South Africa), Power & Industrial Battery Systems GmbH (Germany), Exide Technologies (US) and Toshiba Corporation (Japan).
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