Embedded Files
Algorithms are sequences of instructions that describe how to complete a specific task. Students create algorithms that reflect simple life tasks inside and outside of the classroom.
Connections
Connections
HSS Connections
HSS Connections
History and Social Science standards for the K-2 grade span have standards addressing maps.
In kindergarten, K.4.4 asks students to construct maps that including things like police and fire stations, neighborhoods and such.
In first grade, 1.2.3 asks students to create maps using cardinal directions and symbols.
In second grade, 2.2.1 asks students to find specific locations in their communities using a letter-number grid system.
Standards for Mathematical Practice
Standards for Mathematical Practice
SMP 8 notes that mathematically proficient students will look for general methods and shortcuts when making calculations. Through CS standard K-2.AP.10, students make connections apply this SMP to completing tasks. Students can be asked to look for various methods for completing their desired task.
Examples
Examples
In this history and social science aligned activity, students create a map of a space and develop the algorithm needed to have an object from one location on the map to another.
As an introduction, students are presented with a map of a classroom and are asked to write directions from the pin on the map to the emergency exit. Students work with a partner to discuss possible path options and the write down the steps. When groups have completed the task, students will trade their directions with another group and follow them, step-by-step, to check that they indeed are able to reach the goal.
After the map experience, hold a class conversation about successes and challenges in creating their directions. Use this conversation as a transition into algorithms and the need for steps to be written clearly and accurately. Another concept to highlight is there are many different ways to accomplish the task of exiting the room but some are more efficient than others. This is similar to writing algorithms in the sense that the more complicated the code the higher the chances of an error occurring.
Algorithms Slides Presentation
Next, students are tasked with creating a map of their community. Kindergarteners will create a basic map of their community labeling locations related to public service or transportation of the teacher's choice. At this level, the teacher may wish to create this map collaboratively to provide support needed for young learners with potentially minimal experience navigating through their communities.
The map creation activity can be modified as necessary to meet specific history and social science standards at the K-2 level. For example, first grade can incorporate cardinal directions and second grade can utilize a grid paper.
The activity can be extended by asking students to create their own map challenge for other students to practice developing algorithms.
An additional resource to support this standard is Adi's Perfect Patterns and Loops by Caroline Karanja. The book provides real life examples of using algorithms and loops.
More Examples
More Examples
Alternatively, students could create a game or a dance with a specific set of movements to reach an intentional goal or objective. (P.E K.2, 1.2, 2.2)
Additionally, students could create a map of their neighborhood and give stepby-step directions of how they get to school. (HSS.K.4, 1.2, 2.2)
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