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Primary objective
Primary objective
Through advocacy, research, and program development, I seek to provide individuals with young-onset Parkinson’s disease an opportunity to safely and effectively engage in their meaningful occupations through the development and evaluation of a symptom management resource. The aim of this project is to enable individuals to manage their symptoms to increase their daily functioning, and quality of life.
PICO
PICO
For individuals with young-onset Parkinson’s disease, what is the functional impact of motor and non-motor symptoms on performance, quality of life, and engagement in meaningful occupations?
For individuals with young-onset Parkinson's disease, does a resource successfully contribute to the individual's management of symptoms?
Are medical providers likely to recommend the symptom management resource for patients with young-onset Parkinson's disease?
Concept Map
Concept Map
SWOT Analysis
SWOT Analysis
Strengths of Young-onset Parkinson's Disease Population
Individuals with YOPD in their 50’s maybe considered a “sandwich” population, both caring for their own children, caring for their parents, and maintaining their career (Pierret, 2006). Individuals with YOPD may have their own children, alive parents, and friendships to rely on for support.
Individuals with YOPD are still in the workforce upon diagnosis.
Individuals in their 50’s are typically familiar with internet use.
Approximately half of the individuals with young-onset Parkinson's disease are diagnosed prior to turning 40 (Barros, 2017). Early diagnosis may indicate earlier treatment and involvement in the community.
Many individuals with Parkinson's are able to remain active and lead full lives by recognizing their symptoms and choosing the right course of treatment (Barros, 2017).
There is mounting proof that exercise might help Parkinson's disease patients live longer and better (Ashwini, 2014).
People with young-onset Parkinson's disease frequently suffer non-motor affects as their initial signs and symptoms (Barros, 2017). The lack of motor symptoms may be a strength.
Weaknesses of Young-onset Parkinson's Disease Population
Feelings of isolation, misunderstanding, and invisibility are common struggles for individuals with YOPD (Reiland, 2022).
Parkinson’s Disease affects men at a rate of 1.5 times more than women (Naqvi, 2018).
Individuals with YOPD in their 50’s maybe considered a “sandwich” population, both caring for their own children, caring for their parents, and maintaining their career (Pierret, 2006).
Approximately half of the individuals with Young Onset Parkinson's disease are diagnosed prior to turning 40 (Barros, 2017). Early diagnosis may indicate early emergence of symptoms.
There may also be a sense of helplessness, denial, anger, and social withdrawal (Living with Parkinson-What is Parkinson’s Disease, n.d.).
Due to their age, they may also experience increased financial burden due to employment, and family role challenges (Young-Onset Parkinson’s, n.d.).
Previous studies have revealed financial issues brought on by early retirement (Clarke, Zobkiw, & Gullaksen, 1995).
Even in the early stages of the disease, people may notice changes to their cognition, which have an effect and lower their quality of life (Dixon et. al., 2007).
Opportunities of Young-onset Parkinson's Disease Population
The Parkinson’s Disease Community has an overwhelming online presence; this presence includes a multitude of support groups, organizations, exercise groups, radio broadcasts, and networking opportunities.
Telehealth has made remote care accessible to individuals with busy schedules or those confined to the home.
Enhancing focus and attention in people with PD may enhance quality of life (Lawson et. al., 2016).
Many of the early-stage symptoms can be managed with medication, enabling people to carry on with their regular daily activities, such as working and engaging in recreational activities (Dixon et. al., 2007).
There is mounting proof that exercise might help Parkinson's disease patients live longer and better (Ashwini, 2014).
Rigorous treadmill exercise enhances motor ability via altering dopamine transmission in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (Ashwini, 2014).
Threats to Young-onset Parkinson's Disease Population
Individuals with YOPD are caring for their own children, caring for their parents, and maintaining their career which may produce obstacles in time for seeking care (Pierret, 2006).
It is not uncommon for individuals with YOPD to avoid doctors’ appointment and be regimented with medication due to the feelings of denial (Living with Parkinson-What is Parkinson’s Disease, n.d.).
Individuals with untreated young-onset Parkinson’s disease have double the prevalence of cognitive impairment compared control groups (Aarsland et. al., 2009)
Parkinson's Disease can cause both physical and psychological symptoms, with depression being the most prevalent (Ghazi-Noori et. al., 2003).
Populations experiencing cognitive dysfunction may include individuals with Parkinson’s Disease (AJOT, 2019).
Depression is responsible for 40% of the reported difference in quality of life (Ghazi-Noori et. al., 2003).
Within the few explorations conducted, a Norwegian study found 18.9% of young-onset Parkinson's Disease participants demonstrated mild cognitive impairment; this study also found deficits to verbal memory (Aarsland et. al., 2009).
References
References
Aarsland, D., Brønnick, K., Larsen, J. P., Tysnes, O. B., Alves, G., & Norwegian ParkWest Study Group (2009). Cognitive impairment in incident, untreated Parkinson disease: the Norwegian ParkWest study. Neurology, 72(13), 1121–1126.Antonini, A., Barone, P., Marconi, R., et al. (2012). The progression of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease and their contribution to `motor disability and quality of life. Journal of Neurology, 259, 2621–2631 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-012-6557-8Barros, A., (2017). Early Onset Parkinson’s Disease – Parkinson's News Today. Parkinson’s News Today. Retrieved September 21, 2022, from https://parkinsonsnewstoday.com/early-onset-parkinsons-disease/.Foster, E.R., Bedekar, M., Tickle-Degnen, L., (2014). Systematic review of the effectiveness of occupational therapy–related interventions for people with Parkinson’s disease. American Journal of Occupational Therapy January/February 2014, Vol. 68(1), 39–49. doi: https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2014.008706Orgeta,V., McDonald, K.R., Poliakoff, E., Hindle, J.V., Clare, L., Leroi, I., (2020) Cognitive training interventions for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD011961. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011961.pub2How To Make a Website Standards Compliant. (n.d.). Retrieved September 15, 2022, from https://userway.org/compliance/.Living with Parkinson’s -What is Parkinson’s Disease. (n.d.). Parkinson’s Disease Information. Retrieved August 30, 2022, http://www.parkinsons.org/parkinsons-living.htmlMele, B., Goodarzi, Z., Hanson, H. M., & Holroyd-Leduc, J. (2019). Barriers and facilitators to diagnosing and managing apathy in Parkinson's disease: a qualitative study. BMC Neurology, 19(1).Pluck, G.C., Brown, R.G., (2002). Apathy in Parkinson’s disease, Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2002;73:636-642.Pierret, C. R. (2006). The ‘sandwich generation’: women caring for parents and children. Monthly Labor Review, 1–7.
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