I can identify the structure and describe, in general terms, the function of the cell membrane, nucleus, lysosome, vacuole, mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, chloroplast and cell wall, where present, of plant and animal cells

I can compare the structure, chemical composition and function of plant and animal cells, and describe the complementary nature of the structure and function of plant and animal cells

I can compare passive transport of matter by diffusion and osmosis with active transport in terms of 

• the particle model of matter

• concentration gradients

• equilibrium

• protein carrier molecules (e.g., particle model of matter and fluid-mosaic model)

I can use models to explain and visualize complex processes like diffusion and osmosis, endo- and exocytosis, and the role of cell membrane in these processes

I can describe the cell as a functioning open system that acquires nutrients, excretes waste, and exchanges matter and energy

I can describe the role of the cell membrane in maintaining equilibrium while exchanging matter

I can describe how knowledge about semi-permeable membranes, diffusion and osmosis is applied in various contexts. For ex:

• attachment of HIV drugs to cells and liposomes

• diffusion of protein hormones into cells

• staining of cells

• desalination of sea water

• peritoneal or mechanical dialysis

• separation of bacteria from viruses

• purification of water, cheese making

• use of honey as an antibacterial agent and berries as a preservative agent by traditional First Nations communities

I can describe cell size and shape as they relate to surface area to volume ratio, and explain how that ratio limits cell size.