145 Daily Content
Announcements
- Final Exam next week starts at 1pm!
- Office hours next Tuesday, same time 9:15 am
- Take home solutions should be released now; be sure to learn from your mistakes! Ask NJ for help viewing which problems you can learn from
Course evaluations
- 1 pt required; forward NJ completion for 3 miscellaneous/quiz bonus points.
- They are anonymous, and I don't see them until after grades are submitted.
To Do
HW due today
Recommended: check out final exam review (solutions)
Forward NJ Course evaluation completion email
Course project due today (3pm) : soft deadline. Hard deadline: 11:59 pm on the day of your final exam.
May 22: Final Exam
In Class:
Discuss final exam take-home questions
NJ gives a couple tips for the final exam
- Confidence Interval interpretations for two-sample tests: your interpretation should be about a *difference* between the two groups
- One-sample vs. two-sample test
- Conclusion for a hypothesis test
Your choice:
Work on project with your group
Work on HW Assignment due today
Work on Final Exam Review questions
Announcements
- Final Exam next week starts at 1pm!
- Office hours next Tuesday, same time 9:15 am
- Take home solutions should be released now; be sure to learn from your mistakes! Ask NJ for help viewing which problems you can learn from
Course evaluations
- 1 pt required; forward NJ completion for 3 miscellaneous/quiz bonus points.
- They are anonymous, and I don't see them until after grades are submitted.
To Do
HW due today
Recommended: check out final exam review (solutions)
Forward NJ Course evaluation completion email
Course project due today (3pm) : soft deadline. Hard deadline: 11:59 pm on the day of your final exam.
May 17: Review and Project/HW Time
In Class:
Discuss final exam take-home questions
NJ gives a couple tips for the final exam
- Confidence Interval interpretations for two-sample tests: your interpretation should be about a *difference* between the two groups
- One-sample vs. two-sample test
- Conclusion for a hypothesis test
Your choice:
Work on project with your group
Work on HW Assignment due today
Work on Final Exam Review questions
Announcements
- Final Exam next week starts at 1pm!
- Office hours next Tuesday, same time 9:15 am
- Take home solutions will be released shortly
Course evaluations
- 1 pt required; forward NJ completion for 3 miscellaneous/quiz bonus points.
- They are anonymous, and I don't see them until after grades are submitted.
To Do
HW due Friday
Recommended: check out final exam review (solutions)
Forward NJ Course evaluation completion email
May 15: Correlation inference in R
In groups:
If you had to pick any PLU professor (not NJ) to be POTUS, who would you choose and why? OR
What is a "win" for you this semester? OR
What is your dream job for 10 years from now (can't be a lazy not-job type thing like sitting on couches)
Today's lesson
Reminder to be respectful of diverse views on the role and scope of our military.
Some have lost family members in service to our military
Some are seeking careers in service to our military
Follow up: 1970 Draft Analysis in R. Here are some resources again:
Lesson 16 - Inference for Correlation (notes)
Here is the link to the data
Here is the link to the applet
Here is NJ's code for today
HW time
Link to the FloridaLakes data
Announcements
- Take home exam, due today 11:59 pm.
- The take-home is designed to serve as a bit of a review for the final.
- All students's in-class final exam scores will override the take-home score if higher.
- If you choose not to complete it, your in-class final exam score will count for the take-home score as well.
Course evaluations
- 1 pt required; forward NJ completion for 3 miscellaneous/quiz bonus points.
- They are anonymous, and I don't see them until after grades are submitted.
To Do
HW due Friday - coming soon; there will be time in class on Wednesday to work on it.
Recommended: check out final exam review (solutions)
Forward NJ Course evaluation completion email
Take-home Exam due: Monday, May 13 if you want a non-zero score
May 13: Correlation inference
In groups:
What is something you've created or completed that you're proud of?
Today's lesson
Reminder where we are on in basic methods
Reminder to be respectful of diverse views on the role and scope of our military.
Some have lost family members in service to our military
Some are seeking careers in service to our military
Lesson 16 - Inference for Correlation (notes)
Here is the link to the data
Here is the link to the applet
Announcements/Reminders:
- All Late HW deadline May 10
- Take home exam, due Monday, May 13 11:59 pm.
- The take-home is designed to serve as a bit of a review for the final.
- All students's in-class final exam scores will override the take-home score if higher.
- If you choose not to complete it, your in-class final exam score will count for the take-home score as well.
Course evaluations
- 1 pt required; forward NJ completion for 3 miscellaneous/quiz bonus points.
- They are anonymous, and I don't see them until after grades are submitted.
To Do
Recommended: check out this final exam review (solutions)
Forward NJ Course evaluation completion email
Take-home Exam due: Monday, May 13 if you want a non-zero score
May 10 - Project Time
Announcements/Reminders:
- All Late HW deadline May 10
- HW on Chi-square tests is available on G.C. and due Wednesday (not Friday)
- Take home exam opens on Wednesday, due Monday, May 13
Course evaluations: Thanks!
- 1 pt required; forward NJ completion for 3 miscellaneous/quiz bonus points.
- They are anonymous, and I don't see them until after grades are submitted.
To Do
HW on Chi-squared tests due today
Optional: check out this final exam review (solutions)
Forward NJ Course evaluation completion email
Take-home Exam due: Monday, May 13 if you want a non-zero score
May 8 - Data Analysis
In Class:
HW questions
Project Time
NJ leads groups through some more data cleaning
use as.numeric( ) and as.factor( ) to adjust the structure of the data
use table() and hist() to check that there don't appear to be outliers/errors
reassigning levels to merge groups
create boxplots, scatterplots, tables, barcharts, etc. according to the variables and their types
Think about what type of variables you are working with!
run your analysis
Think about what type of variables you are working with!
Announcements/Reminders:
- All Late HW deadline May 10
- Deadline for data collection is BEFORE class May 6.
- Class ends today 20 minutes early 2:30 pm. We will resume on Wednesday if not finished with the data cleaning.
- A lot of the remaining class time is project time.
- HW on Chi-square tests is available on G.C. and due Wednesday (not Friday)
- Take home exam opens on Wednesday
- Final exam review and solutions are given below
To Do
Project Data Collection (due before class on Monday!)
HW on Chi-squared tests due Wednesday
Optional: check out this final exam review (solutions)
Course evaluations: 1 pt required; forward NJ completion for 3 miscellaneous/quiz bonus points.
May 6 - Data Cleaning
In Class:
NJ leads groups through some data cleaning
Make a copy of your data so you don't mess up the original data
All variable names should be in the first row (and only in the first row)
Variable names should be short, preferrably no spaces
Get rid of formatting in google sheets (dollar signs, etc.)
Make sure the data and the data (only) have been put in the columns
Remove any other rows or columns that have had spaces in them, etc.
rename the file to be short, not punctuation, preferably no spaces
Announcements/Reminders:
- No class May 3
- All Late HW deadline May 10
- Deadline for data collection is BEFORE class May 6.
- A lot of the remaining class time is project time.
- HW on Chi-square tests is available on G.C. and due next Wednesday (not Friday)
- Take home exam opens on Wednesday
- Final exam review and solutions are given below
To Do
Project Data Collection (due before class on Monday!)
HW on Chi-squared tests due Wednesday
Optional: check out this final exam review (solutions)
May 3 - No Class: Data Collection Time
On your own:
Work on Project Data collection
Work on Assignment due next Wednesdsay
Announcements
- No class this Friday, May 3 (great time to collect your data!)
- All Late HW deadline May 10
- Thursday's office hours are moved to 10am.
- Deadline for data collection is BEFORE class May 6.
- A lot of the remaining class time is project time.
To Do
Collect your data & upload screen shot on G.C. by May 6. (before class!!!)
- Let me know if you need help viewing comments on grading
HW coming soon... due next week
May 1: Limitations and Assumptions
In Class:
Discuss the final exams
Take-Home Final Exam
- open May 8, due May 13
- can be completed in groups
- Purpose is to help prepare you for the in-class final
In-Class Final Exam
- completed individually
- see Final Exam schedule below for day & time
- worth about double the take-home, so in-class version is more important
- Open note, open R, open applets (not open internet)
Lesson 16: Limitations and Assumptions (notes)
Announcements
- A comment on the HW grading
- No class this Friday, May 3 (great time to collect your data!)
- All Late HW deadline May 10
- Thursday's office hours are moved to 10am.
To Do
Collect your data & upload screen shot on G.C. by May 6.
April 29
Chi-square practice & Chi-square statistic
In Class:
Review: In the table below, is variable 1 reasonably independent of variable 2? How do you know?
Review: What is the null hypothesis for a Chi-square test of association?
Would you expect this Chi-Square test to have a large or small p-value and why?
Chi Square Test practice:
Throughout human history, romantics, poets, balladeers and songwriters have celebrated the idea that there’s just one true love for every living soul. Does education appear to have a significant association with whether Americans agree that they have only one true love?
Just based on your intuitions, do you think there will be a significant association?
How would we recognize that a Chi-Square test is appropriate for this research question?
What are the null and alternative hypotheses?
Use these data to calculate a p-value in R.
How do we interpret the p-value?
How do we conclude?
As a group: Calculations for the chi-square statistic
Announcements
Everyone is approved to do their data collection
- No class May 3
- All Late HW deadline May 10
- Thursday's office hours are moved to 10am.
To Do
HW due today
Collect your data & upload screen shot on G.C. by May 6.
If you need a review of today's class Watch this video on Chi-Square Tests.
- Another resource with an example: https://rpubs.com/pg2000in/ChiSqIndependence
Apr 26:
Chi-Square tests
In groups:
Discuss HW questions
In class
Any more HW questions?
Chi-Square Tests
- Google Doc to introduce Chi-square tests
- Here is the data.
- Here is my R code.
Big Ideas:
Chi-square tests' main research question: are two categorical variables independent?
- Ho: The two variables are independent
- Ha: The two variables are NOT independent (i.e., there is a relationship)
Announcements/Reminders:
- Bring HW questions to class Friday
- No class May 3
- All Late HW deadline May 10
- Data collection deadline you put in your project proposal doesn't apply since NJ is catching up on grading. New deadline: May 6.
To Do
HW due Friday
Coming soon: screen shot of your collected data due May 6.
April 24: Project Time
In groups:
- Share how to refer to you.
- What is your favorite thing you've created, constructed, or put together?
- Discuss Quiz question below.
NJ feedback/thoughts on Data Collection
Project Time
If you earned 4.8 or greater on the plan, you can proceed to collect data
If you earned <4.8, see feedback from NJ's written notes on your submission. Revise, resubmit on G.C., and check in with NJ before proceeding
(If finished with data collection, or waiting to meet with NJ: work on HW together)
Announcements
- We are on Lesson 15; I mislabeled the last two.
- No class May 3
To Do
Quiz due tomorrow (opens on G.C. at 2pm, due Tuesday 7pm)
HW due Friday (on G.C. at 2pm)
April 22: two-sample t-tests
Agenda:
Lesson 15: two-sample t-tests (notes)
Shvets, A. (2020). Woman in Face Mask Checking Thermometer Licensed under Pexels. Retreived from Pexels.
Announcements
On HW when it asks for symbols I just don't want sentences. So for those you can still write "mu" or "pi" or "p-hat" or "x-bar", etc.
No class May 3 (Math senior capstone presentations)
See flyer @ right
To Do
Sampling plan due today!
HW due today!
April 19: More on one-sample t-tests
Agenda:
In groups:
What non math or bio class would you most like to take at PLU and why?
HW questions
What was your alternative hypothesis?
Continue with Lesson 12: One-sample t-tests (notes)
Shvets, A. (2020). Woman in Face Mask Checking Thermometer Licensed under Pexels. Retreived from Pexels.
Announcements
Bring your HW questions to class Friday
No class May 3 (Math senior capstone presentations)
To Do
Sampling plan due Friday
HW due Friday
April 17: One-sample t-tests
Agenda:
Discuss quiz
Lesson 12: One-sample t-tests (notes)
Announcements
Quiz due tomorrow!
To Do
Quiz due tomorrow
Sampling plan due Friday
HW due Friday
April 15: Absolute/Relative Risk
Agenda:
Lesson 11: Absolute vs. Relative Risk (notes)
Finish Sampling plan. For full credit:
Correctly use the terminology discussed in class: stratified, systematic, cluster, etc.
Multistage? if so, what are each of the layers?
How will you incorporate randomness into your plan? (Not just what "feels" random, but actually using a random number generator, etc.
Consider: Are you doing an observational study or an experiment? If experiment, how will you *randomly* assign treatments?
Announcements
Be sure to register at your allowed time!
Ask NJ if you have questions
To Do
HW due today
Data collection plan proposal for your project (one per group, unless you missed class—then submit individually).
April 12: Finish Two sample z-tests
Agenda:
In groups:
Remind your group how to refer to you
What is your favorite article of clothing/pair of shoes and why?
What questions do you have on the HW?
Finish doing the Contagious Yawns Example
Review of sampling methods
Discuss multistage
Reminder: the sampling frame and the research question determine the sampling method!
Work on Project Data Collection Proposal (due next Friday)
Announcements
Be sure to register at your allowed time!
Ask NJ if you have questions
Step out of class/ let the professor know
Friday we will review sampling methods/study design and your group will design your sampling plan for your project. We will also answer HW questions.
To Do
HW due Friday (bring your questions!)
April 10: Two sample z-tests
Agenda:
Contagious Yawns Example Introduction
By the end of this lesson you'll be ready to answer this research question
Lesson 12: Two-sample z tests (notes)
Announcements/Reminders:
No checkup quiz this week.
Office hours tomorrow 9:15-10:15 are via Zoom (link)
I expect to be back on Wednesday - see you then!
To Do
Watch videos from April 3/5 if not already done so
April 8: CLASS CANCELLED!
(DataFest and NJ recovery)
April 5: Class does not meet:
Watch video below on Study design and Claims
On your own:
Announcements:
NJ out sick today (class cancelled)
Consider participating in DataFest!
To Do:
Watch video (see @ right)
Announcements/Reminders
Quiz due tomorrow!
If you weren't in class on Friday before break, submit the Intro to Islands Individually.
Math Seminar on Wednesday - decision trees are a big deal; come to the talk!
Everyone is invited to participate in DataFest
- No class on Monday of next week, no quiz Tuesday
- (NJ in DataFest recovery)
To Do
Quiz due tomorrow 7 pm
Data Collection Proposal due... soon.
(If you were gone last Friday: Submit Intro to the Islands Assignment)
April 1: sampling Methods
In groups:
- Share how your group should refer to you.
- What song captures how you feel right now, or how you feel this month?
- What is your StarLord album? ...The one you'd take with you everywhere and play on headphones while going about your business?
Share contact info if not already done.
In class:
If time:
Work on Project Data Collection Proposal
Announcements
- New Groups
- Consider participating in DataFest
- Registration coming up
- Meet with your adviser shortly after spring break
- Look up your registration time on banner
- Consider Data Science Minor or Statistics Minor! (NJ will discuss more about them soon)
- Videos introducing R (including our lecture 03/08)
To Do
Intro to the Islands Activity (due Friday)
March 22: Intro to the Islands
In Groups:
- How your group should refer to you,
- What is a hobby you've never tried but would like to try?
- Explore the Islands! https://theislands.umn.edu/login.php
Work on Intro to Islands Assignment together
- On Google Classroom
- If you're in class today, you can submit one per group. If you miss class, you must submit your own.
- NJ Returns Exams.
Announcements
- New Groups
- Consider participating in DataFest
- Registration coming up
- Meet with your adviser shortly after spring break
- Look up your registration time on banner
- Registration > Class
- tell your instructor you're registering or that you need to leave class early / come late because of registration.
- Consider Data Science Minor or Statistics Minor! (NJ will discuss more about them soon)
- Videos introducing R (including our lecture 03/08)
To Do
Intro to the Islands Activity (due Friday)
March 20: Overview of basic methods, Intro to the Islands
In Groups:
- How your group should refer to you,
- What is your dream 2-week, all expenses paid vacation
- Share e-mail addresses
- Make sure everyone can log in to the Islands using their PLU email: https://theislands.umn.edu/login.php
- Explore the Islands!
Lesson 11: Overview of basic methods (notes)
If time: Work on Intro to Islands together
- On Google Classroom
- If you're in class today, you can submit one per group. If you miss class, you must submit your own.
Announcements
No Quiz this week
If you think you might need a classroom computer for R, please log in now. :)
To Do
Email NJ group preferences; new groups on Wednesday
March 18: Exam 1
In class:
Exam 1
Announcements
Computers can use Markdown now
I chose "64 bit" R version
The pop-up for "install dependencies: choose "yes" and it works now.
If you struggled on the take-home exam there is an exam review below for you!
In-class exam on Monday
If you do better on the in-class than the take-home I "excuse" the take-home score.
To Do
March 15: Take-home exam feedback, etc.
In class:
Early Term Feedback Results Summary
Take-home Exam Feedback
- discuss questions in groups
- NJ discusses some of the toughest problems
R lab time / Work on Review packet / More exam feedback
Announcements
New groups coming soon! e-mail NJ and seating preferences by Thursday 9am, please
Take Home Exams returned on Friday
In-class Exam on March 18
Send NJ groups/seating preferences
To Do
MARCH 11: take home exam
No class today/No office hours today or tomorrow
Suggested use of this Time: work on take-home exam & exam review
Announcements
We might use R some more today; consider logging in to a computer now.
No class/Quiz/Office hours next Monday/Tuesday
Exam 1:
Take home released March 8, due March 12 11:59 pm under my door.
No exams accepted after March 14.
Take-home exams returned March 15.
In-class exam on March 18.
To Do
Early term feedback (if not already) for 1/1 points
HW 05
Intro to R lab
Take-home exam.
March 8: The Central Limit Theorem for Proportions
Lesson 10: CLT for proportions (notes)
Work on Intro to R assignment
Hand out take-home exam
Announcements
We might use R today; consider logging in to a computer now.
Exam 1 Dates:
In-class on March 18.
Take home
released March 8, due March 12
To Do
Early term feedback (if not already) for 1/1 points
HW 05
Intro to R lab
Announcements
Office hours tomorrow moved to 11:30am-12:20pm
Consider submitting proposal for showcase (see @ right)
Exam 1 Dates:
In-class on March 18.
Take home
released March 8, due March 12
Early Term Feedback instead of quiz this week
Completion is worth 3 out of 1 Miscellaneous points.
To Do
Early term feedback (on G.C.) due tomorrow 3 pm
HW 05
Download R & R-Studio...
- A great resource for this (with instructions) is Chapter 1: Getting Started with R in the (free!) textbook: ModernDive.
- If it has been a long time, or if you've done a OS update, you should reinstall.
March 4: More on Confidence Intervals
In class:
In groups:
Remind your group how to refer to you
When you procrastinate something, what do you typically do instead?
What is the difference in goals between a confidence interval and a hypothesis test?
What is a margin of error and why do we need it?
What happens to the confidence level when an interval gets more specific (narrow)? Why does that make sense?
Finish Lesson 08b Calculating Confidence Intervals
If time: Intro to R (slides)
Announcements
Groups (must be logged in to PLU to view)
Office hours today after class 3-3:30pm
Exam 1 Dates:
In-class portion on March 18.
Take home Portion
released March 8,
due March 12 (11:59 pm). (no quiz that day)
No class on March 11; students could meet to work on it together during class time
To Do
HW 4 due today 3 pm
Download R & R-Studio...
- A great resource for this (with instructions) is Chapter 1: Getting Started with R in the (free!) textbook: ModernDive.
- If it has been a long time, or if you've done a OS update, you should reinstall.
March 1: Confidence Intervals
In class:
In groups:
Remind your group how to refer to you
What is your biggest moment of buyers' remorse or of time spent remorse?
Questions on HW 04
Lesson 08a Introducing confidence intervals
Lesson 08b Calculating Confidence Intervals
If time: Discussion of HW 03 and p-values
Announcements
New Groups (must be logged in to PLU to view)
Office hours canceled tomorrow 2/29
Extra office hours Friday 3pm
Women who will be juniors/seniors in the fall: consider applying for this AWIS scholarship
Tentative Exam 1 Dates:
In-class portion on March 18.
Take home Portion
released March 8,
due March 12 (11:59 pm).
No class on March 11; students could meet to work on it together during class time
To Do
HW 4 (on Google Classroom)
Feb 28: Two-tailed tests
In class:
Discuss HW 03
Comments on Quiz
Lesson 07 introducing two-tailed tests.
Announcements
New groups coming soon!
email NJ group/ seating accommodations by tomorrow morning please.
Yes, quiz due tomorrow!
Office hours canceled this Thursday 2/29
No class Monday, March 11 (and no quiz Tuesday 3/12)
Tentative Exam 1 Dates:
Take home Portion of Exam 1 released March 8, due March 12 (11:59 pm).
Designed to give feedback before in-class portion
You're welcome to collaborate with others in this class
In-class portion of Exam 1 tentatively on March 18.
To Do
Quiz due tomorrow
HW 4 (due Friday) will make more sense after Wednesday's class.
Announcements
Bio Panel today
To Do
HW 3 due Friday 3pm (soft deadline)
Feb 23: HW questions and Biology Career Panel
In class:
Answer HW 03 questions (briefly)
Head to Biology Career Panel
Announcements
HW 03 is on GC; bring questions Friday if you have them!
Biology panel on Friday (see @ right): We will meet briefly at 1:45 to address HW questions and then head to the panel after HW questions.
As of last Friday (pending BOR approval), PLU will offer a major in DS starting in F2024.
To Do
HW 3 due Friday 3pm
Announcements
No School Monday, Feb 19 (President's Day)
No quiz when we don't have class on Monday
e.g., no quiz next week
Data Scientist coming to Bio Alumni Career Panel Feb 23 (see @ right)
Did folks want to attend?
No Class Monday, March 11 (NJ away)
To Do
HW 2 Due Friday 3:00pm (soft deadline)
Feb 16: More Hypothesis testing (Simulation): one-sample Z-test
Announcements
No School Monday, Feb 19 (President's Day)
No Class Monday, March 11 (NJ away)
Highlight Reference Letter part of my website
To Do
HW 2 Due Friday 3:00pm (soft deadline)
Friday will have time to ask questions in class
Feb 14: Hypothesis testing (formally, with Vocabulary)
In class:
Comments on the Quiz
Quiz 01: group work
Quiz 02: if you struggled, make a change!
Continue Lesson 02: Hypothesis testing (formally) (link to notes)
Announcements
Office Hours Tuesday 9:15 am
Quiz due tomorrow
Hard deadlines for quizzes: After the answers are released, it's done.
NJ went to a new fun place in the Tacoma area: Gabby's Olympic Cards and Comics
To Do
Quiz 02 Due Tuesday 3:00pm (Hard deadline once the quiz is closed)
HW 2 Due Friday 3:00pm (soft deadline)
You might need to wait to complete the HW until after Wednesday's Class
Friday will have time to ask questions in class
Announcements
Welcome! I am Dr. Justice!
Best way to reach NJ is via email;
- if you have a question about coursework be sure to include the prompt in the email.
Consider applying for these summer opportunities (see @ right)
To Do
Due "Friday"
join Google Classroom (see email for link)
Quiz 01 (on GC)
Information sheet
Due "Monday"
HW 1
- handwritten or typed.
- Submit as a pdf to Google Classroom
- HW uses this article (link must be logged in to PLU to access)
Feb 7: Introduction
CLASS CANCELLED (NJ out sick)
Below is what my plan was; most of this will be moved to Friday's lesson.