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Renaissance
The revival of trade in Europe helped bring an end to the Middle Ages & gave rise to the Renaissance.
The rise of cities brought artists together, which led to new techniques & styles of art.
Increased trade gave rise to Italian city-states & a wealthy middle class of bankers & merchants.
Wealthy bankers & merchants wanted to show off their new status by commissioning art.
The most important Italian city-state was Florence; In this wealthy trade city, the Renaissance began.
Florence was home to the Medici family, the wealthiest & most powerful bankers in Europe.
The Medici used their wealth to commission art for themselves & to beautify Florence.
Renaissance artists used new ways to paint and sculpture.
Realism & emotion
Classicism: inspiration from Greece & Rome
Emphasis on individuals & interaction between people
Geometric arrangements
Perspective
Using light & shadows
Donatello
Donatello
Donatello was the 1st great sculptor of the Renaissance.
Donatello revived the classical (Greco-Roman) style of sculpture that was realistic & could be viewed from all sides
Donatello’s “David” was the 1st large, free-standing human sculpture of the Renaissance.
Michelangelo
Michelangelo
Michelangelo was one of the most famous Renaissance artists:
He was a painter, sculptor, architect, & poet.
His sculptures & paintings showed realism, detail of the human body, & expression to show personality & emotion.
Pieta
Pieta
David
David
Michelangelo’s most remarkable work is the 130 ft x 44 ft ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, which shows Biblical images of fantastic detail, power, & beauty.
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci was a true “Renaissance Man”
He was a painter & sculptor whose art was known for incredible realism & emotion.
He was also an inventor & scientist whose sketches reveal observations about human anatomy & new engineering technology.
His “Last Supper” shows Jesus’ last meeting with
the 12 apostles before the crucifixion; the facial expressions, detail, and emotion made it a masterpiece
Leonardo da Vinci’s greatest masterpiece was the “Mona Lisa,” which was known for its emotion & depth.
Raphael
Raphael
Raphael “perfected” Renaissance painting
He improved his perspective and realism by studying Leonardo & Michelangelo.
Raphael became the favorite painter of the Pope because of his amazing detailed paintings showing a combination of famous Greeks & Romans, along with Renaissance people
Raphael’s greatest painting was “School of Athens,” which blended Classical figures from Greece & Rome with important people from the Renaissance.
Raphael’s “Betrothal of the Virgin.”
Raphael’s “Betrothal of the Virgin.”
Filippo Brunelleschi
Filippo Brunelleschi
Brunelleschi was Florence’s greatest architect
1. He studied the Roman Pantheon when he built the Cuppolo of Maria del Fiore cathedral in Florence.
2. The dome inspired modern buildings.
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