Unit 1-2: Roman Numeral Analysis & Cadences

Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

Evaluate their level of proficiency in identifying and spelling Roman numerals in major and minor keys and pinpoint areas that need additional work.
Outline a personal plan for improving proficiency over 2 weeks.
Describe strategies and tools for practicing Roman numeral ID.
Demonstrate proficiency in identifying where phrases begin and end, and whether the phrase ends with an authentic or half cadence.
Demonstrate further proficiency in spelling and identifying triads, 7th chords, and key signatures.

Review the following (as needed):

Analyzing Cadences
Dr. Anna Gawboy (7 mins)

Cadences with I and V
Source: Timothy Rolls (Theory II: Cadences)

Scale Degrees & Diatonic Chords in Major & Minor
Source: Sarah Louden

Phrase ID: How do you know where a phrase begins and ends? Discuss different strategies for identifying phrases both aurally and in a score.
Review Definitions: Define each of the following cadence types: Perfect Authentic, Imperfect Authentic, Half, Plagal, and Deceptive. Note the Roman numerals that are used, whether the cadence is conclusive or inclusive (and how that conclusiveness compares to the others), and describe the aesthetic effect of each. Why might a composer choose one cadence over another to end a phrase?
Review Roman Numeral Quality: Spell the triad and 7th chord on each step of the major and minor scale and note the quality of the chord. Discuss how this quality is reflected in Roman numeral notation. Discuss common alterations to the chords built on 5 and 7 in the minor key.
- - Practice: Identify all of the major triads in the major and minor scale; then identify all of the minor and diminished triads. Try to do this without looking at your notes.

Worksheets:
- - Worksheet 1: Practice identifying and writing Authentic and Half cadences (Open Music Theory)
  - Worksheet 2 (with Solutions): Identify lead sheet notation and Roman numerals (Hutchinson, Music Theory for the 21st Century Classroom)
  - Worksheet 3: Identify all of the major and minor keys that each given triad occurs in using Roman numerals.
  - Worksheet Set: Worksheet 1 (pp. 14–16), Worksheet 2 (pp. 5–8), Worksheet 3 (pp. 1–4), Worksheet 4, Worksheet 5 (p. 11) (Hutchinson, Music Theory for the 21st Century Classroom)
  - Worksheet 4: Mixed practice from Theory for Today's Musician Workbook (pp. 42–47) - Online Library Access
Roman Numeral Speed Challenge: Try the "Quizlet Live" Team challenge. Your instructor selects one of the Roman numeral ID flashcards from the practice section above, then selects the "Classic Live" option at the top of the page. Split up into teams and compete to see which team is the quickest at identifying Roman numerals!
Continued Practice: Continue work on Triads, 7th chords, and Key Signatures from (Lesson 1-1 as needed)

Roman Numeral ID: Examples to practice spelling and identifying Roman numerals from a score or from lead sheet notation.
Cadence ID: Examples from the repertoire for identifying PAC, IAC, and HC.

Anthology: Roman Numeral ID

Anthology: Cadence ID

Assignment 1-2

Next Lesson: Phrase Types

Quizlet Flashcards:
- - Triad Qualities
  - ID Roman numerals in the key of: Ab Major, F Major, E Major, Db Major, C# minor, G minor, B minor
  - Cadence ID (PAC, IAC, Half)

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