Teachers must use their knowledge of how social factors impact education, as well as their understanding of how people learn and develop, to create effective learning goals and plans (Alberta Education, 2018 & Mount Royal University, 2020). In planning for learning, effective teachers will draw on programs of study and a variety of resources to contribute to the diverse learning goals of their students, especially in regards to incorporating Indigenous knowledge (Alberta Education, 2018 & Mount Royal University, 2020). It is also important that teachers use their professional knowledge as they plan, to ensure that they create lessons that are accessible and engaging for diverse groups of learners (Alberta Education, 2018 & Mount Royal University, 2020).

A sound understanding of the "theoretical and historical" (Alberta Education, 2018 & Mount Royal University, 2020) aspects of assessment practices is required by teachers. It is important to provide appropriate feedback to students so that they know how they can be engaged in their learning (Alberta Education, 2018 & Mount Royal University, 2020). Assessment resources that are relevant and varied must be used in order to meet learner needs and curricular outcomes (Alberta Education, 2018 & Mount Royal University, 2020). Having a supported rationale behind why a certain assessment was made is important to have, in order to properly reflect on the information with students, parents, and peers (Alberta Education, 2018 & Mount Royal University, 2020).