Writing a strong paragraph is an essential skill for Form 4 and Form 5 students preparing for the KSSM SPM English exam. A well-written paragraph ensures clarity, coherence, and impact, which are crucial for scoring well.
A good paragraph should:
Focus on one main idea.
Include a good topic sentence.
Provide supporting details with explanations or examples.
Use cohesive devices to link ideas smoothly.
End with a concluding sentence (optional for some tasks).
a) Topic Sentence
The topic sentence introduces the main idea of the paragraph.
It is usually the first sentence in the paragraph.
Example: "Technology has significantly improved education for students."
b) Supporting Details
These sentences explain or expand on the topic sentence.
Include facts, examples, or explanations to make your point clear.
Example: "For instance, online platforms like Google Classroom allow students to access study materials anytime."
c) Cohesive Devices
Use words or phrases to connect ideas within the paragraph.
Examples: "Firstly, for example, moreover, however, as a result, in addition."
d) Concluding Sentence (optional)
This wraps up the paragraph and reinforces the main idea.
Example: "Therefore, technology has transformed learning into a more flexible and accessible experience."
Focus on One Main Idea
Avoid including too many ideas in one paragraph. Each paragraph should have a clear focus.
Add Specific Details
Support your topic sentence with specific examples or reasons to strengthen your argument.
Use Cohesive Devices
These make your paragraph flow logically and keep your reader engaged.
Use Simple and Clear Language
Write in a way that is easy to understand, especially in a formal exam setting.
Stay Relevant
All supporting details must directly relate to the topic sentence.
Article Writing: Use paragraphs to discuss each subtopic.
Story Writing: Use paragraphs to describe the plot, setting, or character development.
Report Writing: Organise details under specific headings.
Email Writing: Break down the email into clear paragraphs for each purpose (e.g., introduction, request, conclusion).
Topic Sentence: "Participating in extracurricular activities benefits students in many ways."
Supporting Details:
"Firstly, it helps students develop important skills such as teamwork and leadership."
"For example, joining the debate team improves public speaking and critical thinking skills."
"In addition, extracurricular activities allow students to form friendships with peers who share similar interests."
Concluding Sentence: "As a result, these activities contribute to both personal and academic performance."