Math

More about the Math program

The math program at the Math and Science Academy consists of a comprehensive curriculum that allows students to advance at their own pace, provided that they can demonstrate mastery of the content material. The typical sixth grade student will start in Middle School I. After students have reached a level of understanding of basic mathematics, they will begin Integrated I. After completing Integrated I, Integrated II, Integrated III, Pre-Calculus, and Calculus, students will have learned all of the mathematics necessary to succeed in a traditional college level calculus course. In order to graduate from MSA, students must successfully complete all courses in the math sequence through Calculus.

MSA students in Middle School II through Integrated II classes gain math knowledge through the presentation of challenges. Students work on the challenges individually and in small groups then present and discuss their findings. Integrated III, Pre-Calculus, and Calculus students use a more traditional math textbook and class format in order to prepare them for college math classes. Student learning is assessed as students present and discuss their work in class each day. Formal assessment occurs through homework checks, quizzes, and tests.

MSA recognizes the fact that our math curriculum is more difficult than that of a typical high school, and that students will progress through this sequence at different speeds. Students may take classes more than once in order to master the content material. Whenever a student chooses to repeat a course at MSA, only the highest grade is recorded on the student's transcript.

The standard required math course sequence appears in the chart below. Students who are following the standard course sequence, will be allowed to continue that pace as long as they earn a final year course grade of C- or higher. Students who are progressing through the course sequence at an accelerated pace, will be allowed to continue that pace as long as they earn a final year course grade of B- or higher. Students who are progressing through the course sequence at a slower pace, must earn a final year course grade of D- or higher to move on to the next course. Students who are unable to achieve the required minimum grade at the end of the year, must repeat that course the following school year.

Required Courses

Middle School Math I

Middle School Math I is designed to prepare students for rigorous college preparatory mathematics courses. It uses a problem-based approach with concrete models. The course helps students to develop multiple strategies to solve problems and to recognize the connections between concepts. Students will study data and statistics, representing quantities using manipulatives, diagrams, and number expressions, model integers, describe ratios, simplify and evaluate variable expressions, solve distance, rate, and time problems, percent problems, and 2D and 3D shapes. The course emphasizes reasoning, critical analysis, mathematical modeling, and gathering evidence. Students are active participants in their learning and often work collaboratively. The problem-based nature of lessons provides guided, purposeful work that supports deep conceptual understanding of mathematics.

Middle School Math II

6th Grade

Middle School Math II focuses on the 7th grade standards: developing understanding of and applying proportional relationships, including percentages; developing understanding of operations with rational numbers and working with expressions and linear equations; solving problems that involve scale drawings and informal geometric constructions and working with two- and three- dimensional shapes to solve problems involving area, surface area, and volume; and drawing inferences about populations based on samples. The additional 8th grade standards include understanding multiple representations of functions, working with integer exponents, and solving more complex equations and 3-D geometry problems. The course emphasizes reasoning, critical analysis, mathematical modeling, and gathering evidence. Students are active participants in their learning and often work collaboratively. The problem-based nature of lessons provides guided, purposeful work that supports deep conceptual understanding of mathematics.

Integrated Math I

6th-8th Grade

Integrated Math 1 is the first in a series of three classes (Integrated Math 1, 2, and 3). The Integrated math approach introduces a mix of algebra and geometry concepts over a period of several years, ensuring that students are exposed to both subjects simultaneously. Algebra and geometry concepts become increasingly complex each year as students are developmentally ready to comprehend them. In the real world, problems do not come in a box labeled “algebra” or “geometry.” By using an integrated math approach, students can decide which skills to call upon to solve a particular problem. This will better support their real-world understanding of math.This course will strengthen and build on students’ previous knowledge of middle school mathematics. Students learn in collaboration with others while sharing information, expertise, and ideas. Integrated Math 1 will focus on algebraic expressions, functions and their graphs, basic exponentials functions, the geometry of transformations and constructions, and statistics.

Integrated Math II

7th-9th Grade

Integrated Math II is the second course in a series of three classes (Integrated Math 1, 2, and 3). This class aims to extend the geometry that students have learned in Middle School Math II and Integrated I. It does this by focusing on triangle congruence criteria and building a formal understanding of similarity based on proportional reasoning. It also helps students develop the concepts of formal proofs, discover the properties of two- and three-dimensional objects, verify geometric relationships and prove various theorems about circles. Students learn in collaboration with others while sharing information, expertise, and ideas. Students in Integrated II use problem-solving strategies, questioning, investigating, analyzing critically, gathering and constructing evidence, and communicating rigorous arguments to justify their thinking. The course encourages and supports procedural fluency, deep conceptual understanding, strategic problem solving, and adaptive reasoning.

Integrated Math III

8th-10th Grade

Integrated Math III is the last course in a series of three classes (Integrated Math 1, 2, and 3). This class will extend previous investigation with functions, transformations, solving inequalities, normal distribution and geometric modeling, inverses and logarithms, and simulating sampling and variability. Then the course will focus on Logarithms and Triangles, Polynomials, Trigonometric Functions, Series, Rational Expressions, Systems of Equations, and Analytical Trigonometry. Students learn in collaboration with others while sharing information, expertise, and ideas. The course encourages and supports procedural fluency, deep conceptual understanding, strategic problem solving, and adaptive reasoning.

Integrated Precalculus

This course is intended for rising 11th grade students who have most recently completed Integrated Math II. Students will learn through a combination of group work, direct instruction, and individual practice. Students will focus on understanding, describing, solving, and applying different types of functions (including linear, quadratic, exponential, logarithmic, polynomial, and rational). Other topics include complex numbers and trigonometry.

Precalculus

9th-11th Grade

This course is designed to prepare students for Calculus. Students will learn that functions can be grouped into families and that functions can be used as models for real-world behavior. Pre-Calculus primarily uses Functions Modeling Change by Debra Hughes-Hallett. Topics include: linear functions, functions, quadratic functions, exponential functions, logarithmic functions, transformations of functions, trigonometry in circles and triangles, trigonometric functions, trigonometric identities and applications, compositions and inverses and combinations of functions, vectors and matrices, sequences, and series.

Calculus

10th-12th Grade

This course is designed to introduce students to the study of calculus so that they can succeed in a traditional college level calculus course. Calculus primarily uses Calculus, Single Variable by Debra Hughes-Hallett. Topics include: functions, derivatives, differentiation, definite integrals, integration, indefinite integrals, using derivatives and definite integrals

Enrichment and Elective Courses

Engineering- offered every other year

9th-12th Grade

This course will focus on basic principles of engineering including drafting, CAD, programming, and the engineering design process. The class will be project intensive as students work their way through the engineering process from beginning to end to find creative solutions to problems. Topics include: mechanical, electrical, and civil engineering with continual themes of environmental responsibility, engineering in the workplace, cost analysis, and testing of designed solutions.

Coding - offered every other year, not offered 22-23 school year

9th-12th Grade

This introduction to coding course teaches the foundations of computer science and basic programming, with an emphasis on helping students develop logical thinking and problem solving skills. Students need no prior coding experience. Students learn the fundamentals of computer programming as well as some advanced features of the Python language.

AP Calculus AB (can be taken instead of Calculus or as an elective)

10th-12th Grade

Prerequisites: Pre-Calculus (B+ or higher) or Calculus B+ or higher

This course is designed to introduce students to the study of calculus so that they can succeed in a traditional college level calculus course. AP Calculus AB primarily uses Calculus, Single Variable by Debra Hughes-Hallett. The AP Calculus AB test may be taken in May. Topics include: functions, derivatives, differentiation, definite integrals, integration, indefinite integrals, using derivatives and definite integrals.

AP Calculus BC (can be taken after AP Calculus AB)

11th-12th Grade

Prerequisites: AP Calculus (B+ or higher)

This course is designed to introduce students to the study of calculus so that they can succeed in a traditional college level calculus course. AP Calculus BC primarily uses Calculus, Single Variable by Debra Hughes Hallett. The AP Calculus BC test may be taken in May. Topics include: all of the topics in AP Calculus AB plus Euler’s Method, L’Hospital’s Rule, derivatives of polar, parametric and vector functions, applications of integrals, integration by parts, substitution, improper integrals, logistic differential equations and using them in modeling, polynomial approximation and series, including Taylor and Maclaurin Series.

AP Statistics (can be taken after Pre-Calculus)

10th-12th Grade

Prerequisites: Pre-Calculus (A- or higher) or Calculus/AP Calculus (B+ or higher)

The purpose of the AP course in Statistics is to introduce students to the major concepts and tools for collecting, analyzing and drawing conclusions from data. The course draws connections between all aspects of the statistical process, including design, analysis, and conclusions. Additionally, using the vocabulary of statistics this course will teach students how to communicate statistical methods, results, and interpretations. Students will learn how to use graphing calculators and read computer output in an effort to enhance the development of statistical understanding. AP Statistics primarily uses Practice of Statistics by Daniel Yates. Topics Include: exploring data, describing patterns and departures from patterns, sampling and experimentation, planning and conducting a study, anticipating patterns, exploring random phenomena using probability and simulation, statistical inference, estimating population parameters and testing hypotheses.

AP Computer Science A- offered every other year

10th-12th Grade

Prerequisites: Coding, AP Computer Science Principles or approval from instructor (demonstrated knowledge of coding must be shown)

AP Computer Science A introduces students to computer science through programming. Fundamental topics in this course include the design of solutions to problems, the use of data structures to organize large sets of data, the development and implementation of algorithms to process data and discover new information, the analysis of potential solutions, and the ethical and social implications of computing systems. The course emphasizes object-oriented programming and design using the Java programming language.

AP Computer Science Principles- offered every other year, not offered during the 22-23 school year

10th-12th Grade

Prerequisites: Final grade of B- or higher in previous year's math course.

AP Computer Science Principles is an introductory college-level computing course that introduces students to the breadth of the field of computer science. Students learn to design and evaluate solutions and to apply computer science to solve problems through the development of algorithms and programs. They incorporate abstraction into programs and use data to discover new knowledge. Students also explain how computing innovations and computing systems—including the internet—work, explore their potential impacts, and contribute to a computing culture that is collaborative and ethical.