Phoneme blending- given a word broken into phonemes, the student combines the sounds to form a whole word.
Phoneme segmentation- given a whole word, student separates the word into individual phonemes and identifies each sound.
In this section, you will be watching snippets of a webinar entitled "Improving Literacy Outcomes for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Limited Speech." In this webinar, Janice Light highlights phonological skills that are highly correlated with literacy outcomes. Janice is a professor at Penn State University and her research is focused on improving communication outcomes and enhancing quality of life for individuals who have complex communication needs.
If you would like to view the webinar in the full screen, you can access it HERE.
In this section, you will be watching a few short clips of Ann Sullivan working on segmenting and blending phonemes with a nonspeaking student. Her book Access to Phonics: Practical Access Strategies to Teach Children with Complex Needs of All Ages is filled with strategies for teaching Phonemic Awareness and Phonics.
This video shows some of the strategies to use when teaching non-verbal pupils to read (and spell) and focuses on two activities which teach and develop dynamic blending for reading.
This video shows some of the strategies to use when teaching non-verbal pupils to read (and spell) and focuses on two activities which teach and develop sequential segmenting for spelling.
Elkonian boxes are a great tool for phoneme segmentation. The student places one object into each box to represent each phoneme. I love how they use cars in this video example! If the student cannot voice the sounds, he or she can move the object into the correct box as you say the sounds aloud or use another nonverbal cue such as a blink or head tilt.
After working with sounds only, then add in the letters. For example, the student can segment phonemes by touching the boxes and then place corresponding letter magnets in each box.