As visible in the maps above, the impermeable surface area of these five Loomis Street properties increased from 1999 to 2018, although not by a very large margin— from 60% of land in 1999 to 64% in 2018. The shape and size of the houses on these properties have also shifted in size and location. Contrary to the expectation of an urbanizing area, these properties actually have more grass area and less paved area in 2018 than in 1999.
The land is quite developed in comparison to fully forested pre-European Vermont, with over 60% of land devoted to dwellings in each case. As a result runoff levels now are much higher than they would have been in the 1600s, as impervious developed land encourages runoff in comparison to absorbent undeveloped soil, which has higher infiltration rates. Though this particular series of properties does have a bit of grass, the areas would lack the stability that the forest cover of pre-colonial VT, as non-vegetated areas are often more prone to landslides.
As Lake Champlain sits at the bottom of a hill and the University of Vermont at that same hill's top, the land use in neighborhoods surround the college will have a strong impact on the lake's water quality. Given the region's topography, rainwater will likely run off from college neighborhoods down into Lake Champlain—as regions become more urbanized and paved surface area increases, run off surges becomes more frequent and powerful, carrying pollutants downhill. The presence of paved area also indicates the presence of cars, which tend to distribute a variety of pollutants wherever they travel.