LAB SESSION 2

Facilitator: Mr. Ochieng

Group: Group 2 (8 Trainees)

Module: Diploma in Technical Training in Computer Studies and Maths, Module 1

During this session, our group, under the facilitation of Mr. Ochieng, conducted a hands-on exercise on identifying and analyzing various components inside a computer system unit. The main objective of the lab was to enable trainees to physically open a computer system, identify different internal parts, record their part numbers, and research their specifications and properties using digital tools such as Google Lens. This exercise built upon the previous session where we learned to identify computer components theoretically.

The practical session began with safely opening the computer system unit after ensuring it was unplugged and discharged of static electricity. We systematically examined each part of the system and recorded details such as part numbers and specifications. Using Google Lens, we searched for each part number to identify the manufacturer, model, and key properties. The main parts we identified included the processor (Part No. SL6VS), hard disk (S/N 100188744), RAM (M368L1713CTL-CB0), power supply unit (56-04250-181), CMOS battery (CR2032), BIOS chip (G67158601), IDE cable (E118173), SiS 964 chipset (PMD0533), and disk drive (JU-257A608P).

We observed that the processor had a clock speed of 2.97 GHz and was a single-core unit, demonstrating an older architecture suitable for basic computing tasks. The hard disk had a 40 GB capacity and used the IDE interface, which was common in earlier desktop models. The RAM module was identified as DDR 266 MHz PC2, which is a volatile memory type designed for temporary data storage during system operation. It was characterized by high speed and random access capability, essential for system performance. We also discussed different RAM types, including SDRAM, VRAM, and DDR-SDRAM, and noted that RAM comes in different generations such as DDR1 through DDR5, with newer generations offering faster data transfer rates and better energy efficiency.

The power supply unit we examined was rated at 250 W, with an input of 115/230V AC, converting alternating current into the direct current required by the computer’s internal components. The CMOS battery, labeled CR2032, was a 3V lithium cell used to store BIOS settings and maintain the system clock when the computer is powered off. The BIOS chip, with part number G67158601, stores the firmware necessary for booting and initializing the system hardware. The IDE cable was a 360V 80°C 26AWG connector responsible for linking storage devices such as the hard disk and optical drive to the motherboard.

We also studied the SiS 964 chipset (PMD0533), which supports USB 1.1, DDR266 memory, and LAN connectivity. The disk drive (JU-257A608P) was identified as a floppy disk drive used for reading and writing data on magnetic disks, now largely replaced by USB and cloud storage technologies.

Further discussion focused on the types of processors and hard drives. Processors were categorized based on their manufacturers and architecture. We noted that Intel and AMD are the main manufacturers, and processors are classified by the number of cores — such as single-core, dual-core, quad-core, and multi-core — which determine their processing capability. The types of hard drives included HDD, SSD, SSHD, hybrid drives, and external drives. HDDs are known for durability and larger storage capacity, while SSDs are faster and more reliable, using flash memory instead of magnetic platters. Hybrid and SSHD drives combine both technologies for improved speed and capacity.

The motherboard identified during the session was an Aopen MX46, which integrates all the components and allows communication between them. The fan (A656L-002) had a 12V 0.6A rating, responsible for maintaining system temperature and preventing overheating.

This session was both practical and insightful. It allowed us to gain real-world skills in identifying hardware components, understanding their specifications, and learning how to research and verify technical details using digital tools. The activity also emphasized the importance of handling computer parts carefully and systematically recording technical information.

In conclusion, the lab session achieved its objectives by strengthening our understanding of computer hardware through hands-on practice. We successfully identified, labeled, and described key computer components, enhancing our ability to diagnose and replace faulty parts in future maintenance exercises. The use of tools like Google Lens proved effective for quick identification and verification of hardware specifications, and the teamwork involved made the session engaging and educational.