New

ones

When we count things one at a time, we call that counting by ones. (Lesson 1)

Familiar

part

A piece that is used to make a larger whole or total is called a part.

When we make a trapezoid out of 3 triangles, each triangle is a part. 

(Lesson 1)

When we make 5 by putting together 2 and 3, we call 2 and 3 parts. 

(Lesson 3)

In module 4, part is introduced in two different contexts. First, in lesson 1, it is introduced in the context of composite shapes. Then, in lesson 3, it is introduced in the numerical context, for example, the parts in a number bond or number sentence.

partners to x

Two numbers that add to x are called partners to x. For example, 2 and 4 are partners to 6. (Lesson 6)

Since any whole number can be substituted for x, this is defining several different terms: partners to 5, partners to 6, partners to 7, etc.

total

A number made out of smaller numbers is called the total. When we make 5 by putting together 2 and 3, we call 5 the total. (Lesson 3)

whole

Something that is made out of smaller pieces is called a whole. When we make a trapezoid out of 3 triangles, the trapezoid is the whole. (Lesson 1)

Whole and total have similar meanings. Kindergarten uses whole as a general term meaning “the entire thing” and total exclusively when referring to a numerical quantity.

Topic A

Count and Write Teen Numbers

Students dive into place value concepts as they count and write numbers 11 to 20. They learn that each teen number, 11 to 19, is composed of 10 ones and some more ones and that the digit 1 in a teen number represents 10 ones. Throughout the topic, students use and discuss tools that highlight the structure of ten in our number system such as Hide Zero® cards, fingers, 10-frames, and rekenreks. They use the tens and ones structure to organize objects. This helps them count a group of 11 to 20 objects efficiently and accurately.

Topic C

Count to 100

Students master the count to 100 by using pattern and structure. They discover that number words after 20 can be formed by pairing a decade word with a number word one through nine. Students consider efficiency as they organize materials into groups and as they decide when to count by tens or ones.