Data Collection

abc data collection

ABC data collection is the way we collect information during the Functional Behavior Assessment in order to hypothesize the function of the student's problem behavior. ABC data is only collected during the assessment portion of the behavior planning process.

By observing what naturally happens before the behavior (the antecedent) and what naturally happens immediately after the behavior (the consequence), we can begin to evaluate patterns. These patterns are correlational and often help us determine why a student is engaging in a problem behavior (the function).

For more complex problem behavior, teams may need to systematically arrange variables in the environment in order to collect accurate information about function. Consider using this model if initial ABC data and information gained through the interviews do not align. Information collected in this way is causational.

Regardless of the model used, remember to indicate if the consequence actually turned the problem behavior off when collecting ABC data. Consequences that stop problem behavior are indicative of function.

Baseline Data & Progress monitoring

Baseline Data includes relevant information about the problem behavior (frequency, severity, duration) prior to the implementation of an intervention. This information is reported as part of the Functional Behavior Assessment.

Progress Monitoring Data is the relevant information about the problem behavior (frequency, severity, duration) that is collected after the implementation of the intervention (Positive Behavior Support Plan). This information is reported as Progress Data in each revision of the Positive Behavior Support Plan.

In order to determine if the initial version of the plan is working, we must compare the current data (Progress Monitoring Data) to our Baseline Data from the FBA. To determine if subsequent versions of the plan are working, we must compare our current data (Progress Monitoring Data) to the Progress Data reported in previous versions.

In order to do this effectively, the way we collect information must be the same -- we must compare apples to apples. This is an important conversation to have with your team at the start of the FBA process. Discuss what type of data collection is sustainable for your implementers so that you have the information you need to determine progress.

implementation fidelity data

Are we doing what we said we would do?

Even the best designed function-based plans will not result in positive behavior change if they are not implemented effectively. Implementation fidelity data allows a team to determine if all interventions are in place and implemented by adults as intended. An Implementation Fidelity Checklist can prevent procedural drift, identify needs for additional resources or more staff training, or signal the need for additional brainstorming.

The Positive Behavior Support Plan includes a plan for assessing the fidelity of implementation and includes details for how the team will do so.

Regardless of the purpose of data, it is most helpful when we collect information that results in a number that represents the occurrence of the behavior on a given day. Documentation or narration about the behavior is generally not as helpful when determining progress or the success of Positive Behavior Support Plans.