TOPA-2+ 

The TOPA-2+, Test of Phonological Awareness, Second Edition: PLUS, is a norm-referenced assessment of phonological awareness and letter-sound knowledge for children ages 5–8. The assessment is available in two forms: Kindergarten (ages 5.0–6.11) and Early Elementary (ages 6.0–8.11). 

The TOPA-2+ measures a child’s ability to isolate and identify individual phonemes in spoken words, as well as their understanding of the relationships between letters (graphemes) and sounds (phonemes) in English.

Record of Scores

• Phonological Awareness: Assesses the student’s ability to differentiate among sounds within and across words, with an emphasis on identifying beginning and ending sounds.
  
  

• Letter Sounds: Assesses the student’s ability to associate graphemes (letters) with the phonemes (sounds) they represent.

Scoring Results:  Scaled Scores, Percentiles, and Descriptive Categories

A scaled score is derived from the student’s raw scores and are converted using age-based normative data. These scores allow for comparison of the student’s performance to that of same-age peers. Scaled scores have a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 3.  

A percentile rank on a standardized assessment indicates the percentage of students in a specific norm group who scored at or below a student’s earned score. It represents a student's relative performance, with a 50th percentile rank representing average performance. 

Scaled Scores Descriptive Category

17-20 Very Superior

15-16 Superior

13-14 Above Average

8-12 Average

6-7       Below Average

4-5 Poor

1-3 Very Poor