Effective GE users continue to expand their knowledge of Englishes, enhance their ability to interact effectively with others, and view English use with open-minded, global perspectives. They are “multilingual, multicultural users in lingua-franca contexts”* who:

• continue to develop linguistic knowledge of Englishes (to express themselves more fully, and participate in a broader range of interactions and with a wider range of people). This knowledge includes:

  • a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures

  • intelligible pronunciation

  • growing familiarity with a range of English users and uses

• flexibly adapt to a wide range of users of Englishes and recognize that each encounter involves a different group of users and purposes, including:

  • users of different Englishes

  • users with different levels of English knowledge or communicative ability

• use a range of interactional strategies:

  • to negotiate meaning

  • to identify and repair instances of miscommunication or misunderstanding

  • to navigate communicative conversations (introducing a topic, interrupting, etc.)

  • to build rapport and deepen harmony in personal and professional relationships

• draw on all the tools in their repertoires (including translingual and multimedia tools) as needed to support effective communication

• use Englishes to explore a wide range of cultures and perspectives

• develop openness, appreciation, and respect for all Englishes (including their own) 

• develop a sense of ownership of English