In this opinionated article, Garrison Gove will inform readers about the sinking of the Russian submarine Kursk, and analyze Vladimir Putin's callous response.
On the morning of Aug. 12, 2000, the Russian submarine Kursk steamed into the Barents Sea, an arm of the Arctic Ocean. The Kursk was an Antey-class submarine, known by the NATO reporting name Oscar II. The Oscar IIs were 508 feet long, twice the length of a 747, and powered by two OK-650 nuclear reactors that gave them a top speed of 33 knots. The submarines were armed with 24 P-7000 Granit missiles, which were 33 feet long and weighed 15,400 pounds each, enough to severely damage an aircraft carrier, according to Popular Mechanics. Along with 30 ships and two other submarines, the Kursk was participating in the “Summer-X” exercise, the first large-scale naval exercise planned by the Russian Navy since the fall of the Soviet Union.
At 08:51 local time, Kursk was granted permission to simulate an attack on the Kirov-class battle destroyer Pytor Velikiy. At 11:29 local time, the torpedo team loaded a practice torpedo without a warhead into one of Kursk’s torpedo tubes. At 11:29:24, Norwegian seismic detectors recorded a seismic event of magnitude 1.5 on the Richter scale originating from the Barents Sea. Two minutes later, a second explosion, measuring 4.2 on the Richter scale, was registered on seismographs across northern Europe and was detected as far away as Alaska, according to The Guardian. Seismic data showed that the explosion originated at the same depth as the sea bed.
According to an official investigation by the Russian government, the explosion was caused by faulty welding in the torpedo casing, which leaked high-test peroxide inside the torpedo tube, triggering the first explosion. The submarine’s nuclear reactors safely shut down. The explosion ignited a fire that caused the remaining torpedoes to detonate, causing the second explosion. Of the 188 sailors aboard the Kursk, 23 had survived the two explosions. They managed to survive for another six hours, but a fire killed several and consumed the rest of the oxygen, suffocating the remaining survivors. Several Russian military officials and news outlets have claimed that the disaster was caused by a collision with a NATO submarine, as several were shadowing the exercise. However, seismic signals have proven that the sound was caused by a torpedo explosion, and not by a collision. Also, a collision with the Kursk would have severely damaged the smaller, lighter NATO submarines, which showed no signs of damage.
Although the crews of nearby ships felt the two explosions, they did not realize an accident had occurred and did not initiate a search for over six hours. The Russian government attempted to downplay the incident, and initially refused assistance from Western nations such as the U.S. and U.K. Nevertheless, after repeatedly failing to attach diving bells and submersibles to Kursk’s escape hatch for four days, made worse by the rough seas, the Russian government finally relented and allowed British and Norwegian assistance. Alas, their efforts were in vain; when Russian rescue divers finally entered the submarine, they found no survivors according to Marine Insight, a website specialing in the maritime industry.
Putin’s callous response to the ordeal demonstrates his inability to responsibly handle major crises. The Kursk disaster ignited a firestorm of political backlash. It was a humiliating loss for the Russian Navy, which was seeking to re-assert its dominance on the global stage. It was also a devastating blow for Vladimir Putin’s public image, as Putin had recently succeeded Boris Yeltsin as the president of Russia and had only been in office for four months. Putin continued his vacation at the seaside resort of Sochi upon being notified of the incident, and chose to meet with families 10 days after the incident had occurred. During the meeting, Putin was aggressively accosted by grieving mothers and widows, who asked questions like: “Do you believe our men are still alive?” and “Why have you murdered our lads?" One mother was forcibly sedated after accusing Putin of lying and threatening him with murder, according to The Guardian.
https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/navy-ships/a23494010/kursk-submarine-disaster/
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/aug/25/kursk.russia3