2.4 Encoding Memories

Learning Target #31 - Studying and Building Memories

• 31-1 Define memory

• 31-2 Explain how psychologists describe the human memory system

• 31-3 Distinguish between explicit and implicit memories

• 31-4 Identify the information we process automatically

• 31-5 Explain how sensory memory works

• 31-6 Describe the capacity for short timer and working memory

• 31-7 Describe the effortful processing strategies that help us remember new information

• 31-8 Describe the levels of processing and their effect on encoding

Learning Target #32 - Memory Storage and Retrieval

• 32-1 Describe the capacity and location of our long-term memories

• 32-2 Describe the roles of the frontal lobes and hippocampus in memory processing

• 32-3 Describe the roles of cerebellum and basal ganglia in our memory processing

• 32-4 Discuss how emotions affect our memory processing

• 32-5 Explain how changes at the synapse level affect our memory processing

• 32-6 Explain how memory is measured

• 32-7 Describe how external cues, internal emotions, and order of appearance influence memory retrieval

Learning Target #33 - Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Memory Improvement

• 33-1 Explain why we forget

• 33-2 Explain how misinformation, imagination, and source amnesia influence our memory construction, and describe how we decide whether a memory is real or fake

• 33-3 Describe the reliability of young children’s eyewitness descriptions, and discuss the controversy related to claims of repressed and recovered memories

• 33-4 Describe how you can use memory research findings to do better in this and other courses

Learning Target #34 - Thinking, Concepts, and Creativity

• 34-1 Define cognition and describe the functions of conceptions

• 34-2 Identify the factors associated with creativity and describe ways of promoting creativity

Learning Target #35 - Solving Problems and Making Decisions

• 35-1 Describe the cognitive strategies that assist our problem solving and identify the obstacles that hinder it

• 35-2 Explain what is meant by intuition and describe how the representativeness and availability heuristics, overconfidence, belief perseverance, and framing influence our decision and judgements

• 35-3 Describe how smart thinkers use intuition

Unit Two Standards:

● Explain how internal and external factors influence perception.

● Explain how visual perceptual processes produce correct or incorrect interpretations of

stimuli.

● Explain how psychological concepts and theories account for thinking, problem-solving,

judgment, and decision-making.

● Explain how the types, structures, and processes of memory work.

● Explain how different encoding processes work to get information into memory.

● Explain how memory storage processes retain information in memory.

● Explain how memory retrieval processes get information out of memory.

● Explain possible reasons why memory failure or errors may occur.

● Explain how modern and historical theories describe intelligence.

● Explain how intelligence is measured.

● Explain how systemic issues relate to the quantitative and qualitative uses of intelligence

assessments.

● Explain how academic achievement is measured and experienced as compared to

intelligence.