2.1 Perception

Myers

Learning Target #16 - Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

16-1: Contrast sensation and perception, and explain the difference between bottom-up and top-down processing.

16-2: Discuss how much information we can consciously attend to at once.

16-3: Identify the three steps that are basic to all our sensory systems.

16-4: Distinguish between absolute and difference thresholds, and discuss whether we can sense and be affected by stimuli below the absolute threshold.

16-5: Explain the function of sensory adaptation.

Learning Target #17 - Influences on Perception

17-1: Explain how our expectations, context, emotions, and motivation influence our perceptions.

17-2: List the claims of ESP, and discuss the conclusions of most research psychologists after putting these claims to the test.

Learning Target #18 - Vision

18-1: Describe the characteristics of visible light, and explain the process by which the eye transforms light energy into neural messages.

18-2: Describe how the eye and brain process visual information.

18-3: Discuss the theories that help us understand color vision.

Learning Target #19 - Visual Organization and Interpretation

19-1: Describe Gestalt psychologists’ understanding of perceptual organization, and explain how figure-ground and grouping principles contribute to our perceptions.

19-2: Explain how we use binocular and monocular cues to perceive the world in three dimensions and perceive motion. 

19-3: Explain how perceptual constancies help us organize our sensations into meaningful perceptions.

19-4: Describe what research on restored vision, sensory restriction, and perceptual adaptation reveals about the effects of experience on perception.

AP College Board

2.1.A Explain how internal and external factors influence perception. 

2.1.A.1 Top-Down and Bottom-Up Processing

2.1.A.2 Internal Factors that Influence Perception

2.1.A.3 External Factors that Influence Perceptions

2.1.A.4 Perceptual Principles 

2.1.A.5 Attention

2.1.A.5.I Selective Attention 

2.1.A.5.II Inattention

2.1.B Explain how visual perceptual processes produce correct or incorrect interpretations of stimuli. 

2.1.B.1 Binocular Cues

2.1.B.2 Monocular Cues

2.1.B.3 Visual Perceptual Constancies 

2.1.B.4 Apparent Movement