The focal point is the focus or subject of your photo. Choose an item, such as a leaf, an insect or a flower to be the subject of your photo.

Turn on the grid on your phone or iPad camera. Instead of placing your focal point or subject in the centre, place it at the intersection of any of those lines.

The rule of thirds is a type of composition in which an image is divided into thirds, both horizontally and vertically, and the subject is placed at the intersection of those dividing lines.

In photography, macro means very close-up. Get up close to something, such as an insect or tree bark. Remember to tap your screen to focus the camera lens!

Leading lines draw or lead your eyes through an image. Experiment with lines you can find - a tree trunk, the edge of a fence, the corner of a building. They don't need to be straight!

Use framing to block out parts of a scene using other object. This helps focus attention on the subject.

In this picture the trunk of the banksia forms a frame and draws attention to the Sydney Red Gum sitting behind.

It's important that part of your image is in focus, or sharp. Hold your camera still by resting it on something or leaning your shoulder against a wall or tree. Tap on the screen to bring your subject into focus.