In times before computers and technology, teachers used a handwritten book to plan the entire year's lessons. This book was divided into different subjects like English, Mathematics, Art, Health and Physical Education, Music, Handicrafts and Needlework, and Social Studies. Each year consisted of three terms with approximately 14 weeks in each term.
Each subject was a section of the book, stating what students would learn in each week of the term. Teachers wrote down what activities students were to complete and specific topics for each subject. Each subject would also be broken into smaller aspects. For example, English was broken down into the smaller aspects of speech training, writing, spelling and dictation. Sometimes, teachers wrote down specific examples of what students were to produce in their work.
In this book, teachers also noted changes in lessons, whether there were any school holidays or whether there were any teacher absences and the duration of those absences. The program book also made references to other teachers' program books such as The Librarian or handicrafts and Needlework Teacher so that inspectors could keep track of what lessons the students were taught. If there were any changes to the planned lessons, the teachers also made note of lessons or topics that students needed to revise.
Nowadays, teachers use a combination of digital and handwritten planning and all teachers format their programs differently. Subjects in schools are now called Key Learning Areas (KLA) and these include:
English
Mathematics
Personal Development, Health and Physical Education
Creative and Performing Arts
Science
History
Geography
For each KLA, there are also sub-topics and teachers use a syllabus to help plan lessons. Teachers write programs for each topic and each program document includes the following elements:
Duration of unit or program
Topic
Learning intentions and success criteria for each lesson
List of activities divided into introduction, body and conclusion
Resources
After each lesson, teachers need to register the lesson which means that they note down the date the lesson was completed, sign the lesson and write down any changes needed to be made, revisions to be done or other important observations that they made.
In the past, when a teacher needed time off due to illness or other reasons, the process was quite formal. They had to write a handwritten letter, formally addressed to the school's inspector. This letter was an application for sick leave or other leave, and it followed a specific structure.
In the letter, the teacher would mention the dates they intended to be absent from school and provide a clear reason for their leave. This reason could be an illness, a medical appointment, sickness in the family or any other valid cause. The letter was a serious document, reflecting the teacher's responsibility and commitment to their role and was filed away in the school's records.
Once the letter was prepared, the teacher would submit it to the school's administrative office. The inspector would review the application and decide whether to grant the leave. The outcome of the application, whether approved or not, would be written at the bottom of the letter, providing a formal response. Any changes or notes to the application would also be written onto the documents, signed and dated.
The current process for leave application is now more efficient and digital. Nowadays, teachers use a system called SAP (System Applications and Products) to apply for leave. Instead of writing a letter, they input the dates they need to be on leave and select a code that represents the reason for their absence.
This digital application is quicker and stops the need for handwritten letters. It also standardises the process, making it easier for both teachers and administrators to manage leave requests. The information is stored electronically, reducing the chances of paperwork getting lost or misplaced.
Moreover, teachers also communicate directly with the school's executive team to inform them about their planned or unplanned absence. This is important because it allows the school to arrange for a substitute teacher to take over the class during the teacher's absence.
In the past, a system of school inspection existed where appointed inspectors would visit schools to observe teachers, classrooms, and educational programs. These visits were like check-ups to ensure that everything was running smoothly and effectively. The inspectors had a vital role in assessing various aspects of the school environment.
During their visits, the inspectors would carefully observe classrooms, paying attention to the conditions, the teaching methods employed, and the general learning atmosphere. They would take notes on how teachers engaged with students, the quality of lessons, and the overall teaching approach. These observations were essential for gauging the effectiveness of the educational process.
The inspectors also closely examined the assessments and results of students. They looked into the number and types of assessments conducted to understand the evaluation process. Additionally, the results of these assessments provided insights into how well students were progressing academically.
Each subject taught in the school received scrutiny from the inspectors. They would note down how subjects were being taught, the strategies used by teachers, and the overall quality of the subject-specific education.
After gathering all this information, the inspectors compiled detailed reports. These reports were a summary of their observations and findings. They highlighted both positive aspects and areas that needed improvement. The reports were crucial documents that provided valuable insights into the functioning of the school.
In those days, the reports were typed on a typewriter. The typed reports contained specific observations, recommendations, and often a final judgment on how well the school was operating.
Comparing this to the modern era, the concept of school audits has evolved. Schools are now informed in advance when an audit is scheduled. The audit focuses on specific aspects of the school's functioning, such as educational programs, workplace health and safety procedures, or student attendance.
Audits are now more planned and targeted. The audit process involves thorough inspections and evaluations, but schools know in advance which aspects are being audited. This allows them to prepare and ensure that everything is in order.
The reports from these audits still play a critical role in assessing school operations. They provide an overview of the strengths and commendable practices within the school. Additionally, the reports offer recommendations for improvements in areas where enhancements are needed.
Unlike the typewritten reports of the past, these modern audit reports are typically prepared using digital tools. This facilitates quicker and more efficient communication of findings and recommendations.
In the past, most teachers in government schools were trained on the job as pupil-teachers. These young people, typically between the ages of 13 and 16, began a four-year training course. During school hours, they were fully responsible for teaching a class, while outside of school hours, they received instruction in teaching methods and content from the head teacher.
The entrance to training schools was often prioritised for pupil-teachers who had completed their training. However, many pupil-teachers, transitioned immediately into becoming teachers or assistant teachers. This system was in place until 1943.
In 1854, a system for classifying and promoting teachers was introduced. This system was used for primary school teachers until 1943. To move beyond the minimum salary level and progress in the field, teachers had to pass a series of tests set by the education department. They also needed to demonstrate their teaching efficiency to inspectors.
In 1943, a new phase emerged with the introduction of the Teacher's Certificate. This certificate was awarded to all new teachers after they completed appropriate pre-service training and a probationary period.
The Department of Education held control over the training of primary school teachers until 1970.
In the present, teacher education has seen a significant transformation. Today, teacher education is typically pursued in universities. Aspiring teachers undergo academic training that equips them with the knowledge and skills to excel in the classroom.
Teachers have the opportunity to advance their pay through years of service and by applying for higher levels of accreditation through NESA (NSW Education Standards Authority). This means that their professional development and expertise contribute to their career growth and higher pay.
Moreover, prospective teachers are required to undergo interviews with the education department, demonstrating their suitability for the role. They also need to pass the LANTITE test, administered by ACER (Australian Council for Educational Research), before they are accredited to teach.
Principals / Headmasters & Headmistresses
Mr Robinson - Boys' Department
Mr Morris - Boys' Department
Mrs Robinson - Girls' Department
Miss Deasy - Girls' Department
Miss Gillies - Infants Department
Mr O'Connell
Mr Daley
Mr Reed
Mr Anderson
Mr Sheldon
Mr Liston
Mr Reiger
Mr Wright
Executive Team
Mr Tinton - Assistant Principal 3-6
Mrs Cooke - Assistant Principal K-2
Teachers
Ms Farah - EAL/D Teacher (1981-1982)
Mrs Stott
Mr O'Carrol
Mrs Young
Mrs Doudney
Miss Dunne
Mrs Fetherston
Mrs Vickery
Mr Moloney
Mr Fetherston
Mr Sutherland
Miss Adam
Miss Wilkins
Miss Coss
Miss Cunnigham
Miss Chalmers
Miss Kearns
Mrs Smith
Mrs Hopton
Mrs Roughley
Mrs Cacapado
Miss Spence
Mr Reid
Support Staff
Mrs Klose - School Administration Manager (1981-2008)
Mrs Tynan - School Administration Officer
Mr Bacchus
Miss Walmsley - Sewing Mistress
Principal - Mr J. Wratten
Executive Team
Assistant Principal S3 - Ms C. Tapia
Assistant Principal S2 - Ms L. Anderson
Assistant Principal S1 - Mrs T. Lo
Assistant Principal ES1 & Curriculum & Instruction - Mrs B. Sleeman
Teachers
Ms F. Walshe
Ms D. Matias
Ms K. Ingleson
Ms JY Kim
Ms V. Carter
Ms E. Stanley
Ms R. White
Ms R. McMullen
Ms J. Strong
Ms N. Wetherbee - Music Teacher
Ms L. Sharpe - Teacher Librarian
Ms V. Houteas - EAL/D Teacher
Mr E. Shen
Support Staff
Ms J. Bradley
Ms E. Nielsen
Ms S. Borel
Ms K. McNamara
Mr G. Russell
Mr R. Villegas
Ms A. Economou
Ms M. Shino
Mr T. La
Ms T. Merrick
Ms K. Marini
Mr A. Wilkinson