QUARTER 4

Understanding Motion and Celestial Models

In the final quarter, you will take a closer look at motion—how things move and why. You'll explore how different scientists like Aristotle, Galileo, and Newton explained motion in their time, and see how their ideas built the foundation for modern physics. Then, you’ll travel back in time to discover how ancient thinkers proved that the Earth is round and developed early models of the universe. You’ll explore how scientists like Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Galileo challenged old beliefs and helped us understand how the planets really move. By the end of this quarter, you’ll have a new appreciation for how science evolves—and how our understanding of the universe keeps changing through time.