T E C H N I C A L P E N
T E C H N I C A L P E N
Originally, technical pens were used for drawing the sort of diagrams and designs more commonly produced using CAD (Computer Aided Design) software now. Some people still prefer to do their technical drawing that way, and these pens have found other fans, for drawing and writing.
The earliest technical pens were adjustable callipers, with the line width altered by changing the distance between the legs. They were used like a dip pen, dipping them in ink regularly during use. Along with the development of fountain pens, technical pens became capable of carrying their own ink, and much more convenient to use. By the 1960s, most technical pens consisted of a tubular feed for the ink to flow, with the ink held in the barrel. Technical pens of this type are still being made today, and give the most precise and predictable line widths.
Most later pens sacrifice some precision to be easier to refill, and to be easier to use, needing little or no maintenance.
We're really talking about technical pens here, but since most technical drawing has been replaced by CAD, one of the most common uses for such pens is now drawing and sketching. Many artists love the predictable lines and the range of widths available.
Steel-nibbed technical pens generally work best when held at 90° to the paper. The plastic-nibbed variety can be used much more like a normal pen, and are generally easier to use for sketching.
The technical pens available today fall into three main categories - the classic steel-nibbed pens, disposable pens, and refillable pens.
These give you the most predictable lines. They are filled with pigment drawing ink, either from a bottle, or using cartridges. The nib sizes of these pens are quoted in mm, and represent the line width you can expect, unlike the relatively arbitrary numbering of disposable fibre-nib drawing pens.
These are the easiest types of pens to use and maintain, because you just throw them in the bin when you're done. They are cheap to buy, but can work out expensive in the long run if you use them heavily, because replacing the whole pen is generally more expensive than replacing a refill, or just refilling with ink.
The nib sizes of these pens is given as a number but these aren't an actual line width in mm. It's more a relative thing. Some brands state the line width separately, others don't.
With some of these, you replace the refill and nib unit in one - the whole centre of the pen is the refill. With others, you can replace the nib units separately - more fiddly to do, perhaps, but you don't need to replace perfectly good nibs, and if the nib wears out before the ink, you're not throwing away usable ink.
Nib sizing is variable - some are simply relative numeric, others specify exact line width.
There are a couple of pens that aren't proper technical pens, but which are worth mentioning here. These have many of the attributes of technical pens - needle point, stable line, quality ink, etc - but with the advantages of a normal rollerball pen in being smooth-writing and easy to handle.
The Pilot G-Tec-C4 writes a 0.2mm line and has a 10-colour range;
The Uni-ball Signo Bit 028 writes a 0.2mm line in 5 colours;
The Uni-ball Signo Bit 018 has the world's finest rollerball line at 0.13mm;