Only the very first sketch of a design consists of pure thoughts, and every sketch that follows reacts to what has been drawn before by rejecting it, accepting it or developing it further. But sometime or other the point comes where the information in the sketches must be carried a step further. The sketch consolidates at a certain scale and finds the way from abstraction to concretion. Learn more...
The steps that a design has to undergo before it is realized are in principle comparable to the architect’s services, as described in the professional scale of fees. During the basic evaluation, the design and approval plans and the later technical and economic design phases, the design constantly changes in the way it is depicted and, as a result, also changes the scale. The types of drawing that emerge show the design from all side and at different levels of depth, support it or reveal its flaws.
The freehand sketch reveals its advantages as a mediator between the different scales and planning stages. A drawing that previously only existed at a larger scale can be transferred to a different scale through the draughtsperson’s experience. The visual language changes. At this stage, leave may be taken of the medium of freehand drawing in order to concretize and dimension the design by producing technical drawings. If what had been hoped for does not emerge as a result the sketch can be used again, which advances the design even though it involves going back a step in either scale or thought. This is how a design develops, through advances and setbacks, and the design method does not compete but switches between freehand and technical drawing, model and simulation, and engages with them in a meaningful symbiosis.
Changing visual languages in consecutive design steps
Based on a printed-out photo of a model, the building volume can be examined using a roll of sketching paper. CAD applications often have axonometric view areas in which planar drawings such as floor plans or elevations can be shown in parallel perspective. If we print out this view area it can provide the basis for a useful and informative axonometric. Equally, a digitalized drawing can be imported into any CAD program. It is positioned so that it lies visibly on its own construction plane so that the lines conceived can be drawn over with vectors.
When the end of a design phase approaches and concrete results are required, the medium of freehand drawing need not be abandoned. For example, competition entries that use plans and perspectives drawn freehand stand out among many presentation plans made completely on the computer. Their authenticity gives the viewer the feel that the author has holistically engaged with his or her work. Hand-drawn details are just as suitable as CAD details to accompany the specifications for a particu lar trade. The points of contact between analogous and digital design media are numerous and varied.