Colors are fundamental elements of our visual perception and environmental experience; they are the substance of how we experience the environment. We encounter and are surrounded by color whenever we open our eyes. It accompanies us in diverse visual ways and is always connected with and influenced by light in the natural or human-designed environment. In nature, we see color in the light of the sky, when looking at water and landscapes. We see it in trees, stones, plants, fruits, and flowers.
We encounter color in diverse combinations in the animal kingdom: on animals’ skin, shells, markings, feathers, and fur. People’s skin, eyes, hair, and clothing also contain color. The human-designed environment is all in color: streets and shops, buildings and spaces. We see it, in all its variety, in different objects and cultural products. Color is of major significance in every realm of life and fulfills many different functions.
Color serve as information, communication, and design material. They;
- Communicate symbolic messages
- Signal
- Camouflage and deter
- Provide help with orientation
- Indicate special functions
- Are geographic, ethnic, and cultural attributes
- Are features of fashion and style
- Are markers of personal and group identity
- Indicate special functions
- Express image and are a status symbol
- Marketing factors
- Express style and design trends
- Are indicators and expressions of the zeitgeist, which is subject to change
- Crucially influence the statement, effect, and acceptance of objects and space.
Color is much more than an aesthetic statement: it is part of a life giving and life-preserving process. It is part of the terms and conditions under which humans live and experience. Besides other sensory perceptions, humans orient themselves according to optic signals, and learn through visual messages. This makes color vitally important to the meaning of the environment as well as to human interaction with it. Our emotions are always touched by what color reveals to us about our environment, what it communicates. We are all influenced by colors and have a lively relationship with them. Colors affect us and our emotional world, even when we do not consciously perceive them.
Communication takes place on a personal level in the ex-change of information between people, as well as on an impersonal level through symbols in the environment. Color is an important medium of visual communication in the human environment relationship:
It conveys symbolic messages and aesthetic-atmospheric information.
Important aspects of color in architecture relate to the communication between humans and the spatial environment, and to the interactions that take place there.
Space is the framework for social relationships and human activities.
A fundamental aspect of the function of color as a communication factor is thus linked to its interactive characteristics. “Color exists in itself, it connects things with each other and connects things with people.” (Pieter Uyttenhoven)