Chemistry

Thursday, 12/18     Friday, 12/19

• Today we will be talking about Error Analysis--How did your error affect data, calculations, and the final result? This is an important skill to take away from Chemistry so we'll be working with it often in labs. Today we will focus on what you should and should not do in analyzing errors during a lab.

• Error Analysis Notes

Tuesday, 12/16     Wednesday, 12/17

• Proficiency Opportunity--Bohr 6 and Electron Config 5

• Today we will be working on the Hydrated Salt Lab. I'll start class by giving some introduction to lab materials that we have not used yet in Chemistry. I will also give some information that can help guide you with your procedure and data collection. Make sure you have read the Error Analysis part of the checklist before you come to class...it will be helpful to think about as you work on the lab!

• You will need the calculation done for this lab by next class or you will have a hard time following error analysis through our work. The final lab write-up will be due as a group on the Wed/Thu of the week after break (Jan 9-10).

Monday, 12/15

• Weekly Practice 4.2--This will be due Mon after the break!

• Come to class ready for the weekly review and quiz!

Thursday, 12/11     Friday, 12/12

• Proficiency Opportunity-- Scientific Notation 5

• Today we will start to look at how we measure and how we round.  We'll get started with that by doing the Guided Learning on Significant Zeros.  

  • On Tuesday/Wednesday of next week we will be doing the Hydrated Salt Lab to use mole conversions in the lab. Make sure you notice that this lab has the checklist...you will need to come to class on Monday/Tuesday with the pre-lab portions of checklist completed. If you are wanting to improve your lab score this is a good opportunity to do that if this lab is completed on time and done well! :)

Tuesday, 12/9     Wednesday, 12/10

• Proficiency Opportunity-- BCE 5 and Naming 4

• Today we will be looking at some other conversion factors involving The Mole! Mole conversions will be very useful to us for the rest of the year.

• Notes on Mole Conversions

Monday, 12/8

• Weekly Practice 4.1

• We spent today looking at the method we will be using to do conversions in chemistry. Remember that when you are working on assignments for the next couple of weeks the focus should be on developing your ability to set up and work through the problems and not just trying to get the right answer. Use the keys on the Weekly Practice worksheets to help check your work.

• Conversions and Dimensional Analysis Notes

Thursday, 12/4     Friday, 12/5

• Today we'll start with a little bit of time for any last minute questions.  Then we'll take the Unit Test for our Ionic and Covalent Compounds Units.

Tuesday, 12/2     Wednesday, 12/2

• Weekly Practice 3.5--Covalent Unit Review Part Deux--A little more practice if you'd like some

• Today we'll spend a bit of time reviewing. Come with questions! We will also have a bit of time to work on the weekly practice.

• We'll use some of that review time to look at a few interesting things that pop up with Lewis Structures. Drawing polyatomic ions requires us to think about how charge affects electron counting and there is an interesting phenomena called resonance that we'll take a look at.

• Weekly Practice 3.4--Covalent Unit Review and Exploring Intermolecular Forces Lab are both due today.

Thursday, 11/20     Friday, 11/21

• Weekly Practice 3.4--Covalent Unit Review

• Proficiency Opportunity--Electron Configuration 4 and Bohr Model 5

• For today's class we will be working on the Exploring Intermolecular Forces Lab. The pre-lab questions need to be completed before beginning the lab. You would also benefit from looking at the six properties that we are examining in the lab and determining how low or high IMAF would change the property.

Thursday, 11/20     Friday, 11/21

• Proficiency Opportunity--BCE 4 and Naming 3

• Today we'll wrap up our notes on Intermolecular Forces.

• For today's class we will begin working on the Exploring Intermolecular Forces Lab. The pre-lab questions need to be completed before beginning the lab. You would also benefit from looking at the six properties that we are examining in the lab and determining how low or high IMAF would change the property.

Tuesday, 11/18     Wednesday, 11/19

• Proficiency Opportunity--Scientific Notation 4

• A quick note on proficiencies: If you have noticed that your Chemistry Grade has dropped...check to see if you have a proficiency listed as missing. As we get further into the proficiencies, I am starting to mark more and more as missing which means you can come make them up.

• Today we will be looking at the difference between polar bonds and polar molecules. Polarity causes some interesting interactions between separate molecules. We call those interactions Intermolecular Attractive Forces (IMAF). We will look into those IMAF's and some of their consequences today as well.

• Notes on Molecular Polarity and Intermolecular Attractive Forces

Monday, 11/17

• Weekly Practice 3.3

• Come to class prepared for the weekly review and quiz!

Thursday, 11/13     Friday, 11/14

• Proficiency Opportunities: Electron Configuration 3 and Bohr Model 4

• Today we'll spend some more time with the models from last class and will look at the three-dimensional shapes that they make. We will discuss how the Lewis structure can be used to predict this shape!

• Electron and Molecular Geometry Notes

• We'll work some more on the Molecular Models Lab today. 

Monday, 11/10     Wednesday, 11/12  

• Weekly Practice 3.2

• Proficiency Opportunities: Naming 2 and BCE 3 

• We'll spend some more time on Lewis Structures with the Molecular Models Lab. We'll start this lab by focusing on what we already know: naming compounds and drawing Lewis Structures.  We'll use the model kits to see how our drawings relate to our observations of the molecules in the real world.  There will be a few columns on the lab that you won't be able to do yet, but we'll pick those up this week as we work.

• Today we will be taking a quick look at the difference in the bonds of ionic and covalent compounds. We'll use the Linus Pauling scale of electronegativity to distinguish between the bond types. This will also allow us to start thinking about polarity of bonds.

• Notes on Electronegativity and Bond Polarity

Thursday, 11/6     Friday, 11/7

• Proficiency Opportunity: Scientific Notation 3

• Today we'll spend a bit of time talking about two things:

  1. Nomenclature--Ionic vs. Covalent Compounds

  2. Lewis Structures--you've seen a bunch of these over the years. These are the drawings that you see of chemical compounds. We will learn how to draw Lewis Structures from the formula of a covalent compound.

     1. 1. 1. 1. • Notes on Ionic vs. Covalent and Lewis Structures

Tuesday, 11/4     Wednesday, 11/5

• Proficiency Opportunity: Naming 1

• The Covalent Nomenclature Guided Learning Activity was started in class. As you work on this, add the Covalent Nomenclature rules and a few examples to the back page of your Naming Booklet. You will be turning in the booklet next class.

  • If you need a refresher...here are the notes on Ionic Nomenclature.

• Developing an Activity Series of Metals Lab--Single Replacement Reactions is DUE today--everyone should turn in their own lab write up. Be sure to use the checklist to ensure that you have all of the parts needed. You will need to have all sections of the checklist completed except the Error Analysis.

Monday, 11/3

• Weekly Practice 3.1

  • • Come to class prepared for the weekly review and quiz.

Tuesday, 10/28     Wednesday, 10/29

• Proficiency Opportunity: Electron Configuration 2 / Bohr Model 3--Bohr is the first proficiency topic that now has fewer than three chances left in class to complete and will be the first Z to go into the gradebook if you need to come in and do a make-up. If you notice your grade drop...do not stress out! Just review your notes, come in for some help, and take a make-up proficiency test and your grade will jump right back up! :)

• Today we will discuss Single Replacement Reactions in detail.

• Single Replacement Reactions Notes

Monday, 10/27

• Weekly Practice 2.3

• Come to class prepared for the weekly review and quiz!

Thursday, 10/23     Friday, 10/24

• We'll collect data for the Developing an Activity Series of Metals Lab--Single Replacement Reactions. 

Tuesday, 10/21     Wednesday, 10/22

• We've covered a lot of little things this past week and a half or so: Reaction Types, Charge Balancing, Balancing Equations, Solubility Rules, and Ionic Nomenclature.  We'll spend a bit of time today practicing some of these skills.  

• We didn't get a chance to make our Nomenclature Notes booklets last week so here are some TikTok instructions for How to Fold a Zine that we'll use for our naming booklet.  There is also a graphic of the folding instructions below.

  • Some of you asked for the link to the PhET Applet for Balancing Chemical Equations.  Enjoy playing with it!  Make sure you remember that when we write out BCEs we don't put any number in for the spots that should have a "1."

• We'll be working on Developing an Activity Series of Metals Lab--Single Replacement Reactions this week.  There is a checklist with this assignment.  The pre-lab portion of the checklist should be done when you come to class on Tue/Wed.

Monday, 10/20

• Weekly Practice 2.2

• Come to class prepared for the weekly review and quiz.

Thursday, 10/16     Friday, 10/17

• Proficiency Opportunity: Balancing Chemical Equations 1

  • We'll have a bit of time to work on wrapping up the Ionic Nomenclature Guided Learning.  At the end of class, we'll spend a few minutes summarizing the naming rules that you have learned form the GL assignment.  

  • Notes on Balancing Chemical Equations and Ionic Nomenclature

  • Here are some TikTok instructions for How to Fold a Zine that we'll use for our naming booklet.  There is also a graphic of the folding instructions below.

Tuesday, 10/14     Wednesday, 10/15

• Proficiency Opportunity: Scientific Notation 2

• Today we are going to cover a few things that will culminate is our being able to write out complete description of chemical reactions.

  • • Charge Balancing Ionic Compounds

    • Balancing Chemical Equations

    • How to know when a reaction will happen or if "No Reaction" will occur.

    • Naming Ionic Compounds

• Charge Balance and Solubility Rules Notes

  • Notes on Balancing Chemical Equations and Ionic Nomenclature

  • Bonus (but not optional) HW Assignment (This will be due along with your lab next week on Tue/Wed): Pick any three reactions from the lab and do the following:

    • • 1. Predict the products (remember that all of the reactions in that lab are Double Replacement reactions.

        2. Charge balance the products you predicted (subscripts--little numbers)

        3. Balance the chemical equation (coefficients--big numbers)

        4. Name the products of each reaction.

        5. Write out the state symbols (s, l, g, aq) for each reactant and product and write "No Reaction" if needed.

Monday, 10/13

• Weekly Practice 2.1

• Ionic Nomenclature Guided Learning Activity-- This is due Thu/Fri this week.  

Thursday, 10/9    Friday, 10/10

• Today in class we'll go over the ideas that you came up with during the lab on Monday and Tuesday. Chemists have Five Reaction Types that describe the chemistry that happens in a wide range of reactions. We'll take a look at these five reaction types today and will practice using those reaction types to predict what the products of a chemical reaction will be. Over the next week or so, we will develop skills necessary to write out accurate and complete balanced chemical equations.

• Chemical Reactions and Reaction Types Notes

  • Bonus (but not optional) HW Assignment: Pick three rxns from the lab and predict products using the appropriate rxn type pattern.

Tuesday, 10/7     Wednesday, 10/8

• Today we'll wrap up the lab from Monday.  

• Today we'll also spend a bit of time talking about ionic compounds.  We will go over a handy pattern on the periodic table that will help us quickly determine the charge of the ion that is formed when an atom gains or loses an electron.   Once we know the charges of the ions, we'll learn how to determine the chemical formula of ionic compounds by charge balancing.  

Monday, 10/6

• No Weekly Practice this week.  We'll do a lab that will take its place. 

• Today we will be starting to look at chemical reactions. We will start with the Chemical Reactions Lab. This is a lab that encourages you to put yourself in the shoes of the first scientists to approach a new problem. We'll use this lab to practice coming up with possible options and then will spend some time later on deciding which of our possibilities is the most reasonable and why.

Thursday, 10/2    Friday, 10/3

• Weekly Practice 1.4--DUE TODAY

• Today we will spend some time reviewing during the first half of class. Come to class with your self evaluation sheet and any questions you have come up with. That will help make our review time more helpful for you!

• We'll be taking the test for the unit during the second half of class.

Tuesday, 9/30     Wednesday, 10/1

• Today we will cover the question: How do we know about atomic structure?

• Neils Bohr modeled the atom (we have used his model a bunch!) and ran some calculations about what you would see the electrons do when they were excited by high voltage electricity. We will look at the emission spectra of hydrogen and a few other elements and take a look at the light produced to provide evidence that our model of the atom is a pretty good one!

• Atomic Spectra Animation Slide from class--you'll have to open this in PowerPoint and run the slide show to see the animation.

• Atomic Spectra Activity--Lab Sheet (Due Wed/Thu of Next Week)

Monday, 9/29

• Weekly Practice 1.4

  1. There are a few questions on the Weekly Practice this week that are listed as "Challenge" problems. That does not indicate that they are optional but just is to let you know that they won't be an immediate piece of cake. Everyone needs to give them a try and have an idea down for all questions in order to get full credit. :)

• Come to class ready for the weekly review and quiz!

• This is the last week of the Atomic Structure Unit. That means this coming Thu/Fri is the Unit Test. Remember that while you can use notes, homework, and other resources on the weekly quizzes...it is just you, the yellow PT, and your calculator on the end of unit tests. We need to take a few minutes and reflect on where we stand. Preparing for chemistry tests starts with thinking about what you have down pat and what you need work on. Use the Chemistry Test Review--Self Evaluation to help guide this process. Your Self Evaluation is DUE with your test on Thu/Fri

Thursday, 9/25     Friday, 9/26

• Proficiency Opportunity: Bohr 2 and Electron Configuration 1

• Today we will cover the question:  How do we know about atomic structure?

• Neils Bohr modeled the atom (we have used his model a bunch!) and ran some calculations about what you would see the electrons do when they were excited by high voltage electricity.  We will look at the emission spectra of hydrogen and a few other elements and take a look at the light produced to provide evidence that our model of the atom is a pretty good one!

• Atomic Spectra Animation Slide from class--you'll have to open this in PowerPoint and run the slide show to see the animation.

• Atomic Spectra Activity--Lab Sheet  (Due Wed/Thu of Next Week--make sure you try it before Friday so you can ask any questions you may have!)

Tuesday,9/23     Wednesday, 9/24

• Two weeks ago we talked about some of the lies you are told about atoms when you are in middle school.  We'll spend a bit of time today learning about Electron Configurations.  This is a way we have of accounting for how many electrons are in an atom and where they are in the electron shells.  We'll use a tool called an Aufbau Diagram to help us determine the electron configuration for an element.

• Quantum Model and Electron Configuration Notes

• We will also talk a bit about the Quantum Model of the atom which is our most accurate model as far as we understand the atom today.  It is a very odd model and I'll help you to know which parts you are responsible for knowing and which parts are just cool to think about in class!

• We'll spend a bit of time today also revisiting the periodic trends we covered last week.

• This video is a great look at some of the funkiness of the Quantum Model!

Monday, 9/22

• Weekly Practice 1.3

• Come to class ready for the weekly review and quiz!

Thursday, 9/18    Friday, 9/19

• Proficiency Opportunity: Sci Not 1--Scientific Notation Notes just in case you want them! :)

• Today the focus of class will be using effective nuclear charge to predict relative properties of elements. We will look at a few properties in particular:

  1. Atomic Radius (Size), Electronegativity, and Ionization Energy

We call these "Periodic Trends" because they tend to change in predictable fashion as you move across the PT. Many people try to memorize the direction of the trends and use those memorized facts to answer questions. This is a good opportunity though to practice logically reasoning through how effective nuclear charge changes properties of an atom. Less memorization is nice (and you'll be able to put these ideas back together later without having to resort to looking up facts that you may have forgotten).

• Periodic Trends Notes

Tuesday, 9/16     Wednesday, 9/17

• We'll be looking at the Periodic Table during class today. Make sure you bring your copy!

• Today we'll be taking a look at Effective Nuclear Charge. Zeff is an important characteristic of atoms that we will use many times throughout this unit and the rest of the year to predict a variety of properties about atoms. We can use Zeff as a tool to predict properties like the relative size of atoms (we'll do that this week!) all the way to things like the relative strengths of acids (we'll do that waaayy later in the year!). It is a powerful tool that you'll want to make sure you can use!

• We'll model effective nuclear charge in class today and spend the second half of class making a drawing of your own analogy--similar (but different) to the one we used in class. Your drawing will be due next class if you don't finish it during class time.

  1. Your analogy should have something that represents protons, electrons (shielding and valence!), and distance. I should be able to take a look at your analogy and see how the attraction to the nucleus changes because of shielding and distance.

• Effective Nuclear Charge Notes

Monday, 9/15

• Weekly Practice 1.2

• Come to class ready for the weekly review and quiz!

Thursday, 9/11    Friday, 9/12

• Proficiency Opportunity: Sci Not 1--Scientific Notation Notes just in case you want them! :)

• Today we'll spend a bit of time with your group wrapping up the Guided Learning assignment that you started last class.  Then we'll go over the process of calculating average atomic mass all together and practice a few problems.

• Average Atomic Mass Example Problems

Tuesday, 9/9     Wednesday, 9/10

•  Proficiency Opportunity: Bohr 1

• Today we'll continue looking at the structure that makes up atoms. We talked about isotopes and how we can use information about isotopes to determine how many neutrons are in the nucleus. We will also use isotope data to help us calculate the average atomic mass that we find on the periodic table.

• We will learn that calculation by doing our first Guided Learning Activity of the year today. Occasionally we will start a topic with a set of data or a model that we can look at and start to work on developing our understanding of how something works before we hit the same topic in the notes. Today we will do that once we are solid on Isotopes with the GL Activity on Average Atomic Mass. We'll take a look at how the average atomic mass on the Periodic Table is calculated.

Monday, 9/8

• Weekly Practice 1.1 --You don't need to start this before class today...we haven't covered this information until today's class. :)

• We'll take a look at what most Mondays will be like...we have a pretty solid routine that we'll follow.

• We'll start in on the real chemistry! First we'll look at atomic structure and how we can find out what and how many particles make up an atom. We'll also start looking at how we can use the periodic table as a helpful tool in Chemistry. Atomic Structure Notes

Thursday, 9/4    Friday, 9/5

• We definitely didn't get through all of the things we started on the first day...we'll wrap that up today: 

  1. Orient everyone to the classroom with the Mr. Kanter's Room Science Scavenger Hunt.  We will use what we find to make sure that everyone is safe in the lab.

  2. Go over the way the class will work this year and how things like homework, quizzes/tests and labs will be run. 

  3. Finish with a "really tough" quiz.

• As homework for this first week, students are to do the following things for the next scheduled class period: 

  1. If you haven't already, please fill out my Google Form to show that you found the website and to give me some information about yourselves. 

  2. If you'd like, check out the course syllabus on the Class Resources page in Canvas.

• We don't really use a textbook but we do have one available as a resource that may be helpful at home.  If that sounds like something that you might want to use at home, you can grab one from the library bookroom.  

Wednesday, 9/3

• Welcome to General Chemistry!  We have a lot of exciting things to try this year in class. 

• Today we will start with an introduction to what you might expect to see during the year in Chemistry. 

• After the course intro, we will jump right in with a LAB on the first day.

• Your homework tonight is to fill out a Google Form to show that you found the website and to give me some information about yourselves.