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In this topic we explain the way in which an astronaut’s weight varies on a journey to the moon
In this topic we explain the way in which an astronaut’s weight varies on a journey to the moon
and investigate factors that affect the size of frictional or drag forces.
and investigate factors that affect the size of frictional or drag forces.
By the end of this topic you should know:
By the end of this topic you should know:
Mass and weight are different but related.
Mass is a property of the object; weight depends upon mass but also on gravitational field strength.
weight (N) = mass (kg) x gravitational field strength (N/kg).
g on Earth = 10 N/kg. On the Moon it is 1.6 N/kg.
When the resultant force on an object is zero, it is in equilibrium and does not move, or remains at constant speed in a straight line.
One effect of a force is to change an object’s form, causing it to be stretched or compressed. In some materials, the change is proportional to the force applied.
By the end of this topic you should be able to:
By the end of this topic you should be able to:
Explain unfamiliar observations where weight changes.
Draw a force diagram for a problem involving gravity.
Deduce how gravity varies for different masses and distances.
Compare your weight on Earth with your weight on different planets using the formula.
Compare and contrast gravity with other forces.
Draw conclusions from data about orbits, based on how gravity varies with mass and distance.
Suggest implications of how gravity varies for a space mission.
Sketch the forces acting on an object, and label their size and direction.
Explain whether an object in an unfamiliar situation is in equilibrium.
Describe factors which affect the size of frictional and drag forces.
Describe how materials behave as they are stretched or squashed.
Describe what happens to the length of a spring when the force on it changes.
Evaluate how well sports or vehicle technology reduces frictional or drag forces.
Describe the effects of drag and other forces on falling or accelerating objects as they move.
Using force and extension data, compare the behaviour of different materials in deformation using the idea of proportionality.
By the end of this topic you should understand these key words:
By the end of this topic you should understand these key words:
Weight: The force of gravity on an object (N).
Non-contact force: One that acts without direct contact.
Mass: The amount of stuff in an object (kg).
Gravitational field strength, g: The force from gravity on 1 kg (N/kg).
Field: The area where other objects feel a gravitational force.
Equilibrium: State of an object when opposing forces are balanced.
Deformation: Changing shape due to a force.
Linear relationship: When two variables are graphed and show a straight line which goes through the origin, and they can be called proportional.
Newton: Unit for measuring forces (N).
Resultant force: Single force which can replace all the forces acting on an object and have the same effect.
Friction: Force opposing motion which is caused by the interaction of surfaces moving over one another. It is called 'drag' if one is a fluid.
Tension: Force extending or pulling apart.
Compression: Force squashing or pushing together.
Contact force: One that acts by direct contact.
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