For more than two centuries now, the history of Żagań has been bound up with that of the army. All kinds of military formations have been stationed here, and the town has also seen prisoner-of-war camps set up in the area.
During World War I, prisoners-of-war from every country fighting against Germany were held here. Then, in 1919, the captured participants of the Wielkopolska Uprising were imprisoned here. Stalag VIIIC was built in 1939 and it held over 40 000 POWs, many of them died because of hunger, illness and bad treatment.