1. ACTIVE VOICE
Active voice is a type of sentence or clause in which the subject performs or causes the action expressed by the verb.
Contrast with Passive Voice.
2. ADJECTIVE
An adjective is the part of speech that modifies a noun or a pronoun.
Example:
"Send this pestilent, traitorous, cow-hearted, yeasty codpiece to the brig."
(Jack Sparrow in Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, 2007)
3. ADVERB
An adverb is the part of speech that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
4. CLAUSE
A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate. A clause may be either a sentence (independent clause) or a sentence-like construction included within another sentence (that is, a dependent clause).
Example:
"Don't ever argue with the big dog [independent clause], because the big dog is always right [dependent clause]."
(Deputy Marshal Samuel Gerard in The Fugitive, 1993)
5. COMPLEX SENTENCE
A complex sentence is a sentence that contains at least one independent clause and one dependent clause.
Example:
"Don't ever argue with the big dog [independent clause], because the big dog is always right [dependent clause]."
(Deputy Marshal Samuel Gerard in The Fugitive, 1993)
6. COMPOUND SENTENCE
A compound sentence is a sentence that contains at least two independent clauses, often joined by a conjunction.
Example:
"I can't compete with you physically [independent clause], and you're no match for my brains [independent clause]."
(Vizzini in The Princess Bride, 1987)
7. CONJUNCTION
A conjunction is the part of speech that serves to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.
Example:
"I can't compete with you physically, and you're no match for my brains."
(Vizzini in The Princess Bride, 1987)
8. DECLARATIVE SENTENCE
A declarative sentence is a sentence that makes a statement.
Example:
"I am your father."
(Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back, 1980)
9. DEPENDENT CLAUSE
A dependent clause is a group of words that begins with a relative pronoun or a subordinating conjunction. A dependent clause has both a subject and a verb but (unlike an independent clause) cannot stand alone as a sentence. Also known as a subordinate clause.
Example:
He finally finished his novel, after months of research.
Read more at http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-dependent-clauses.html#7vMKseJolZYIevlo.99
10. DIRECT OBJECT
A direct object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a transitive verb.
Example:
"All my life I had to fight. I had to fight my daddy. I had to fight my uncles. I had to fight my brothers."
(Sophia in The Color Purple, 1985)
11. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE
An exclamatory sentence is a sentence that expresses strong feelings by making an exclamation.
Example:
"God! Look at that thing! You would've gone straight to the bottom!"
(Jack Dawson looking at Rose's ring in Titanic, 1997)
12. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE
An imperative sentence is a sentence that gives advice or instructions or that expresses a request or a command.
Example:
"Send this pestilent, traitorous, cow-hearted, yeasty codpiece to the brig."
(Jack Sparrow in Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, 2007)
13. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
An independent clause is a group of words made up of a subject and a predicate. An independent clause (unlike a dependent clause) can stand alone as a sentence. Also known as a main clause.
Example:
"Don't ever argue with the big dog [independent clause], because the big dog is always right [dependent clause]."
(Deputy Marshal Samuel Gerard in The Fugitive, 1993)
14. INDIRECT OBJECT
An indirect object is a noun or pronoun that indicates to whom or for whom the action of a verb in a sentence is performed.
15. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE
An interrogative sentence is a sentence that asks a question.
(See also: Practice in Forming Interrogative Sentences.)
16. NOUN
A noun is the part of speech that is used to name a person, place, thing, quality, or action and can function as the subject or object of a verb, the object of a preposition, or an appositive.
17. PASSIVE VOICE
Passive voice is a type of sentence or clause in which the subject receives the action of the verb. Contrast with Active Voice.
Example:
"Any attempt by you to create a climate of fear and panic among the populace must be deemed by us an act of insurrection."
(First Elder to Jor-El in Superman, 1978)
18. PREDICATE
A predicate is one of the two main parts of a sentence or clause, modifying the subject and including the verb, objects, or phrases governed by the verb.
19. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
A prepositional phrase is a group of words made up of a preposition, its object, and any of the object's modifiers.
(See also: Grammar Bytes for more examples )
20. PRONOUN
A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.
21. SENTENCE
A sentence is a word or (more commonly) a group of words that expresses a complete idea. Conventionally, a sentence includes a subject and a verb. It begins with a capital letter and concludes with a mark of end punctuation.
22. SIMPLE SENTENCE
A simple sentence is a sentence with only one independent clause (also known as a main clause).
Example:
“There’s no place like home."
(The Wizard of Oz, 1939)
23. SUBJECT
A subject is the part of a sentence that indicates what it is about.
24. TENSE
Tense is the time of a verb's action or state of being, such as past, present, and future.
Example:
"Years ago, you served [past tense] my father in the Clone Wars; now he begs [present tense] you to help him in his struggle against the Empire."
(Princess Leia to General Kenobi in Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope, 1977)
25. VERB
A verb is the part of speech that describes an action or occurrence or indicates a state of being.