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At the completion of this unit, students will be able to:
1. Predict, using the shape of a molecule and the polarity of bonds in a molecule, the type of intermolecular forces (hydrogen, dipole-dipole, London dispersion forces) for a given compound.
2. Construct and analyze heating/cooling curves, identifying states of matter, phase changes, energies present, melting/freezing points, and boiling/condensing points.
3. Differentiate between endothermic and exothermic reactions and processes.
4. Calculate the amount of heat gained or lost as a substance is heated and/or cooled.
5. Explain how the Kinetic Molecular Theory describes the behavior of gases (diffusion, effusion, compressibility, expansion, fluidity, low density).
6. Explain the relationship between temperature and average kinetic energy and justify why the Kelvin temperature scale is used to describe gases.
7. Convert temperature readings in Celsius to Kelvin and vice versa.
8. Identify real gases that behave like ideal gases under specific conditions.
9. Explain the relationship between the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas (Boyle’s, Charles’, & Gay-Lussac’s Laws), supported by the kinetic molecular theory.
10. Perform stoichiometric calculations given data about gases.
11. Perform calculations using the combined and ideal gas laws to solve for pressure, volume, temperature, the number of moles of a gas, density, and molar mass.
12. Explain Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures and be able to calculate partial pressures.
13. Explain Graham’s Law of Effusion and justify with calculations.
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