The Somali Civil War: turmoil, terror and pathways to humanitarian relief and stability
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João M. Santos e Raphael Kye
About the commitee
The famous United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the most important commitees from the United Nations Organization (UNO), since it is the only mandatory body and is responsible for global security and the maintenance of peace between nations. In SiAn 2026, the topic which is going to be discussed is The Somali Civil War: turmoil, terror and pathways to humanitarian relief. This commitee is exclusively in English and you can also call a friend to join your delegation in order to help you!
Thirty five years since the fall of Mogadishu, Somalia still faces one of the most protracted and complex conflicts in contemporary African and global politics. The prolonged political instability rages from profound effects of colonial partition, consequent deeply rooted clan rivalries and the secession of regions like Somaliland, to the ongoing insurgency by Islamist militant groups such as Al-Shabaab and the emergence of maritime piracy by opportunistic armed groups. The debate will focus on in-depth understanding of the conflict's historical roots, its impact on the population, and its influence on regional instability, focusing on future paths to cease the humanitarian crisis surronding the Somali territory.
Letter from the Comittee Directors
We are immensely proud and pleased to welcome you to SiAn 2026!
The United Nations Security Council is a core committee amidst the multiple UN bodies, bearing the responsibility of monitoring the state of global security and peacekeeping. It holds the power to mandate that member states follow its resolutions, backing these dictates with the full length of military force. By engaging with this committee, delegates move beyond the role of passive media consumers. They are challenged to examine the African continent through its multifaceted history and complex political landscape: rejecting reductive narratives of pity in favour of a nuanced understanding of power dynamics, socioeconomic contrasts, and the interplay between its past and its future.
The chosen topic to be approached in the UNSC 2026 debates is the Somali Civil War and its consequences, a topic that is hidden and ignored by global platforms, as it tackles all of humanity’s largest wounds that still bleed and stain our march towards progress. Rooted in a complex legacy of institutional fragility, ideologically driven conflict, and induced humanitarian crises, the Somali situation has evolved into a multifaceted threat to maritime security and international stability. The resurgence of piracy and the entrenchment of extremist networks have repositioned Somalia as a priority concern on the UN’s peace and security agenda.
By discussing the current scenario, we trust that delegates can further understand the importance of cultural, political, geographical and historical perspectives. It is also envisioned these debates will embolden delegates to pursue resolutions capable of resolving the ongoing issues, while upholding the ethos of the United Nations: peace.
As chairmen, our responsibility is to maintain the flow and order of the debates, but also to assist delegates. To partake in SiAn, especially in this committee, is to defy insecurities, build bonds with other delegates, and learn new skills from the experience. Our aim is for you to relish this opportunity with everything it encompasses. We are at your disposal, should there be any questions about the procedure of the committee. The creation of this guide is more than a fruit of work and research, it is the ramification of passion, protest, empathy, and most importantly: hope. We hope that the delegates of today become the leaders of tomorrow, and carry with them the flame of debate and unity.
João Miguel Magalhães Santos
Committee’s director
Raphael Kye de Oliveira
Committee’s director
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