Notes from the September 7th, 2026 meeting # 53
We were delighted to welcome Leslie Grahn, a seasoned world language educator and former district supervisor who has observed and evaluated world language teachers across her district. She is set to be the featured keynote speaker and workshop presenter at the upcoming autumn conference in Vienna. Known for her highly practical, classroom-tested approaches, Leslie explained how language teachers can utilize authentic cultural resources to drive spontaneous, un-rehearsed interpersonal communication in the classroom. You can find her presentation slides here. In the meantime, here is a summary of her presentation:
1. The Power of Authentic Resources
Authentic resources are real-life examples of language used in everyday situations, which naturally spark student interest because they represent genuine cultural interactions. Rather than relying on dense online articles, teachers can diversify their materials by incorporating visual and highly engaging formats such as infographics, memes, songs, and social media.
Key Pedagogical Benefits: Students do not just learn vocabulary; they can organically discover grammar structures, acquire new phrases, and absorb embedded cultural contexts (such as analyzing a real student schedule from a school in Germany).
Selecting Resources (The "4 A's" Framework): To evaluate if a resource is right for your students, use Leslie's 4 A's Checklist:
Authentic: Is it a genuine product of the target culture?
Accessible: Is it appropriate for the students' age and proficiency level, providing heavy visual support for novices? Does it link to prior knowledge?
Appealing: Does it spark immediate curiosity, making kids actually want to explore it?
Aligned: Does it directly align with your thematic goals and proficiency targets?
Golden Rule: Preview, preview, preview! Even when using curated lists (such as Leslie's thematic Pinterest boards on climate change, human rights, or food), always preview materials to ensure they match your community's standards and student maturity levels.
2. Redefining the Interpersonal Mode
The interpersonal mode is defined by ACTFL as the spontaneous, un-rehearsed negotiation of meaning between individuals.
Why It Matters Now: In the post-COVID classroom, educators have noticed a significant decline in students' willingness to speak face-to-face, with many relying heavily on devices. Interpersonal activities push students to "look up, make eye contact, and actively listen".
Interpersonal vs. Presentational: Unlike presentational speaking (which is prepared, polished, and one-way), interpersonal communication happens in real time, is spontaneous, and requires reacting to another person.
Actionable Routine: To reduce speaking anxiety, build a low-stakes interpersonal routine every single day. Spend the first few minutes of class with a simple, ungraded "question of the day" related to the current unit (e.g., asking what hobbies they enjoy on weekends).
3. Proficiency-Based Skill Building & Target Feedback
Conversational fluency is a skill that must be deliberately scaffolded. Using the updated 2026 ACTFL Can-Do Statements, teachers can target specific conversational skills at each proficiency level:
Novice Mid to High: Focus on reacting to feelings, asking simple informational questions (moving past a repetitive "and you?"), and expressing basic opinions.
Intermediate Low to High: Teach students how to ask active follow-up questions, explain their personal preferences, and speak in cohesive series of sentences rather than isolated words.
Advanced Mid: Challenge students to ask probing questions, maintain a sustained discussion, and explain complex concepts.
The Feedback Strategy: When assessing interpersonal tasks, give only one piece of targeted feedback at a time. Keep feedback aligned with their current proficiency level (e.g., do not ask a Novice student to use circumlocution, which is an intermediate/advanced skill).
4. Establishing a Real-World Communicative Purpose
To keep language natural, we must move away from robotic, artificial classroom questions (such as asking a classmate "What color is your shirt?" when you can clearly see it). Instead, ground tasks in the three primary communicative purposes:
Exchanging Information/Ideas: For example, students research different Costa Rican eco-lodges and swap details to compare them.
Expressing & Supporting Preferences/Opinions: For example, sharing and defending opinions on which modes of travel are best.
Meeting Needs/Addressing Situations: For example, using target-language restaurant reviews to make recommendations or roleplaying how to find lost luggage.
5. Interactive Classroom Routines & Scaffolds
Rather than simply telling students to "turn and talk," structure their speaking time with dynamic processes and routines that encourage movement and diverse peer pairings:
Inside-Outside Circles (Speed Friending): Students form concentric circles and rotate to discuss different parts of an authentic text (like a school lunch menu from Italy) with multiple partners.
Information Gap: Partners hold different versions of a text (like a climate infographic) where half of the information is blocked out. They must ask each other questions to fill the gaps.
Chat Stations: Post 8 to 10 authentic artifacts (like target-language art pieces) around the room and have student pairs rotate to discuss them.
Find Someone Who (Human Bingo): Students use a grid of questions based on a target-culture article to interview classmates. You can easily use AI to generate differentiated versions of the questions (simpler for novices, more complex for intermediates).
Conversation Jenga: Write numbers on Jenga blocks. When a student pulls a block, they answer the corresponding numbered question from a thematic unit sheet.
Providing "Rejoinders" as Scaffolds: Spontaneous speech is intimidating, so provide temporary, visible scaffolds like chat mats or cue cards with sentence starters and conversational fillers. Specifically teach rejoinders—natural reactions like "Oh, really?", "Me too!", or "I'm sorry"—to help students sound less robotic. These supports should be gradually phased out as students gain confidence.
What's Next?
Don't forget to register for the upcoming conference in Vienna to see Leslie Grahn live! She will be conducting an interactive workshop and delivering the keynote address. The registration deadline is September 18.