Unit Overview
Student Contribution #1
The Middle Eastern countries had many conflict due to their geography and all their different religious cultural. Back in the 1500’s there were 3 main empires; The Ottomans Empire, their Safavids Empire, and the Mughals Empire. Out of these empires the Ottoman empire was the biggest empire compare to the 3, with the Mughal’s empire being the smallest. These three empires had their own practices and occupy their own space. The Ottoman Empire was a very large empire and interacts with many other cultures, therefore, they let their own people to practice their own beliefs. All the asked for was for their people to not revolt, and to just be stable. The Safavid empire wanted people in their occupy spaces to become fully understand their religion because they did not want to interfere with other European countries. The Mughal empire being the smallest empire decided to assimilate the Muslim and the Hindu cultural together.
There were many conflicts in the Middle Eastern because everyone wanted part of it due to their high oil produced. Everyone wanted to be able to buy their oil or to be able to take over that country with high oil producing area. Some areas with major oil producing are Iraq, Kuwait, Iran etc. around that area. The Persian Gulf, being right in the middle of those three country, is also a major oil producing area. The US aircraft airline surveillance that area often because all the country wants to claim the enormous oil preserve is there’s.
In the 1900’s Israel was created. They faced a lot of conflict because they were surrounded by mostly Arabs. Not only that, the country was extremely small, only 6 miles wide. Israel was created because the United Nations felt like there should be a land for the Jews. However, some countries, decided to take over spaces surrounded by Israel, and that is why it is so small. Egypt and Syria, ended up declaring war on Israel, however, Israel fought a great fight. They would eventually expand overtime. They could control the Sinai Peninsulas, the Gaza Strip and the Golan heights, which were mountainous, which gave the Israelis an advantage. After realizing that Israel could survive by themselves, the United Nations. ended up helping them.
Key Vocabulary Terms
Set #1:
Set #2:
Potential Essay Questions
Essay Question #1. What political and economic problems have Middle Eastern nations faced since 1900 and how have they attempted to solve these problems?
In addition to the lecture notes and videos played ruing class, relevant assigned readings include the handout preparing for the history simulation, Al-Qaradhawi's "Leading Sunni scholar supports suicide bombings in Palestine..."; Huckerry's "When women become terrorists"; Powell's "U.S. role in Arab-Israeli conflict"
Student Contribution #1
Outline:
I. Introduction
• Introduce topics from the body paragraphs
II. Body 1 - Political Problems
• Reemerging governments from past colonial control (the battle between the Soviets and the US)
• The Arab-Israeli conflict (wars between them and who supports either side)
III. Body 2 - Economic Problems
• Control over oil-rich land (who has control, who supports them, how is control being fought over)
• Trade and agreements with other countries
• Outside countries ways of supporting the country with the oil reserves
IV. Body 3 - Solutions
• Wars and conflicts before they can come to a solution (support from outside countries like the US and Soviet Russia)
• Splitting up the country (UN’s attempt to keep peace, backfire)
• Agreements (Israeli removal from land that they took over n exchange for the Arabs to stop attacking)
V. Conclusion
• Revisit introduction and body paragraphs main points
• Close
Student Contribution #2
1. Politics
a. Israel created from land in Palestine by the UN in 1948
i. Supported by USA for economic reasons such as oil
ii. Jews and Arabs lived in same region
iii. Caused neighbors to be angry- caused war
b. Nasser is the president of Egypt
i. 1956 Suez Canal is nationalized to charge tolls
1. Previously owned by British and French
2. Cheapest way to transport goods
ii. Attempts to unite more countries with Egypt, Syria, and the United Arab Republic (UAR) to add to the UAR but failed
iii. Wanted to redistribute the wealth of oil rich countries to other Arab countries
iv. Supported Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) to take back Palestine from Israel in 1964
1. Supported by Arab countries
2. 1966 armed attacks started against Israel
a. Jihad (slide 27) “holy war” Islamic people do the will of god
i. All Islamic people should resist against foreign infidels
1. Men
2. Women (Huckerry article)
3. Children
4. Slaves
2. Economy
a. Oil contributed to political influence and control
b. Nationalizing the Suez Canal (1957) blocked trade for countries costing them more money
i. Nasser hoped countries would pay tolls to use the canal
ii. Israel and UN invade to reopen canal later in the year
iii. Egypt closes it again during 6-day war-1967
iv. Opened in 1975 for commercial- stayed open
3. To solve the problems
a. Power, 2001, U.S. Role in Arab-Israeli Conflict (From PP notes)
i. Palestinians must be punished for violence
ii. Palestine and Israel must negotiate
iii. Israel must stop settlement activity
Essay Question #2. How have outside countries and history forces impacted events in the Middle East and contributed to the challenges and conflict?
In addition to the lecture notes and videos played during class, relevant assigned readings include the handout preparing for the history simulation and Powell's "U.S. role in Arab-Israeli conflict"
Student Contribution #1
1). Introduction
A). Talk about countries that are involved with the Middle East and why
I). Israel Jews and Palestinians Arabs - both have conflict because of land in the
Middle East
II). United Nations - wanted to keep peace and protect the Arabs
B). Tell what history forces have impacted events in the Middle East
I). Politics and government
II). Economics
III). Religion and philosophy
C). Discuss about what the conflict and challenges that the Middle East had went through
I). Lands
II). Distribution of people
III). U.N.
2). Politics and government
A). Create a constitution that will both protect the Jews and Arabs
B). Smaller political parties
C). Political system for each religion groups - Jews, Muslims, Christians
3). Economics
A). Jobs needed for Palestinian
B). Availability jobs in agriculture, business, and industry in Israel
C). Checkpoint for safety and security for Israel
D). Exporting oils
4). Religion and philosophy
A). Jewish temple destroyed in Jerusalem
B). Effect of rebuilding Jewish temple in Jerusalem
C). Christians
5). Conclusion
A). Restate your introduction and summarize the body paragraphs
Student Contribution #2
Economic interests
• Accessing Middle Eastern oil
o Backbone of strong western economies
o Very important in imperial and superpowers (France, Britain, US, former Soviet Union)
Earth and the Environment
• Large oil producing areas are not very spread out
• Large amounts of oil in Persian Gulf; Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq all claiming the same oil
• Conflicts over who gets oil
Outside countries
• How the US recognized Israel
o During Arab Israeli conflict US Gave Israel lots of aid which made Arab countries upset
o US always wants to help countries that want to be democratic, or that are democratic
• United Sates creates counterbalance
o Patrols the oil exchange in the Persian Gulf throughout aircraft
o Very dangerous for US, could easily be shot down and it would be hard to blame a country because you cant prove where the missiles came from
• Soviet Union
o 1972 war nearly led to conflict between US and Soviet union
o Soviet Union giving weapons to Israel
Religion
• Historic relationship of Jews and Arabs
o Christians, Jews, and Arabs all feel a special connection to Palestine
o Been the source of constant conflict
Student Contribution #3
Economic interests
· Accessing Middle Eastern oil
o Backbone of strong western economies
o Very important in imperial and superpowers (France, Britain, US, former Soviet Union)
Earth and the Environment
· Large oil producing areas are not very spread out
· Large amounts of oil in Persian Gulf; Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq all claiming the same oil
· Conflicts over who gets oil
Outside countries
· How the US recognized Israel
o During Arab Israeli conflict US Gave Israel lots of aid which made Arab countries upset
o US always wants to help countries that want to be democratic, or that are democratic
· United Sates creates counterbalance
o Patrols the oil exchange in the Persian Gulf throughout aircraft
o Very dangerous for US, could easily be shot down and it would be hard to blame a country because you cant prove where the missiles came from
· Soviet Union
o 1972 war nearly led to conflict between US and Soviet union
o Soviet Union giving weapons to Israel
Religion
· Historic relationship of Jews and Arabs
o Christians, Jews, and Arabs all feel a special connection to Palestine
o Been the source of constant conflict
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