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Students should be able to construct and interpret graphical data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. Students will develop or experience a model and describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Students will construct, use, and present arguments to support the claim that when the kinetic energy of an object changes, energy is transferred to or from the object.
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Kinetic and Potential Energy:
Objects and substances in motion have kinetic energy. Objects and substances may have potential energy, due to their relative positions in a system. Gravitational, elastic, and chemical energy are all forms of potential energy. Students should be able to identify kinetic and potential energy in everyday situations (stretched rubber band (p), objects in motion(k), ball on a hill(p), food energy(p). Students should be able to demonstrate the transformation between potential and kinetic energy in simple mechanical systems, like roller coasters and pendulums.
Energy Transfer: All students will apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer.
Students should be able to explain how heat energy can be transferred from one place to another by radiation, conduction, or convection. Students should be able to illustrate how energy can be transferred, while no energy is lost or gained.
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