Each verb is divided up into different parts, and each part gives you a different piece of information.
The stem is the part of the verb that tells you what the action is. This doesn't change with the subject.
The end part of the verb is called the ending. This changes in order to tell who is doing the action and when they are doing it.
The verb in the simplest form is called the infinitive. This is what you would find in the dictionary and means "to do something".
Examples
Estudiar = TO study
Necesitar = TO need / TO be necessary
Comer = TO eat
Beber = TO drink
Escribir = TO write
In order to get rid of the TO and express who is doing the action we conjugate the verb.
The steps for conjugating the verbs are the same for any type of verb (-AR, -ER, or -IR) in Spanish.
Step 1: Remove the ending, JUST the -AR, -ER, or -IR.
Step 2: Identify the subject, who is doing the action. This could be a pronoun like "yo", "tú¨, or ¨nosotros¨, but it could also be a proper name such as Julia, Marco, or Paul.
Step 3: Identify the tense being used, when is this action taking place. Is it happening in the present, past, or future?
Step 4: Replace the ending with the matching ending. This tells everyone that that person is performing that action.
Click on a time frame below to learn more about that particular tense