STEAM CS2

CS2: Gas Attack

LT6: I can explain how the states of matter are a function of the spacing and movement of the particles that make up a substance.

LT7: I can demonstrate how the motion and spacing of particles in a substance change as the substance changes state of matter.

LT8: I can show how particles in a gas undergo diffusion, making reference to the particle model.

LT11: I can identify whether a substance is an element or compound based upon the arrangement of its atoms.

LT12: I can explain the difference between a pure and impure substance.

LT13: I can explain how the processes of filtration, evaporation and distillation cause substances in a mixture to become separated.

Background Knowledge

Gassed by John Singer Sargent

This is a very large oil painting completed in March 1919. It depicts the aftermath of a mustard gas attack during the First World War, with a line of wounded soldiers walking towards a dressing station.

Below here is the text that we read to understand what a mustard gas attack was like, and what mustard gas is made of.

X26 CS2: Mustard Gas - WW1

How Gas Became A Terror Weapon In The First World WarThe trench warfare of the Western Front encouraged the development of new weaponry to break the stalemate. Poison gas was one such development. The first significant gas attack occurred at Ypres in April 1915, when the Germans released clouds of poisonous chlorine.

DIFFUSION

This is a simulation that will help you to understand what happens to the particles in a gas that causes diffusion to happen.

You will see that you start with a high concentration of particles on one side of the model, then as you remove the divider, they move to a low concentration because of their random collisions.

Try experimenting with the temperature to see how this affects the rate of diffusion.

Pay special attention to random collisions between the particles.

Remember, the black space is not air, it is nothing, empty space.

What is diffusion?Diffusion is the movement of particles from higher to lower concentration. Find out more in this Bitesize science video for KS3.

Diffusion

These links help you to better understand how diffusion works. There are some quizzes and tests on the BBC bitesize links too.

There is also a video that shows the experiment we did with diffusion of food dye in warm versus cold water.

This will all help us to explain why the poisonous gas spread out from the canisters in World War 1.

The effect of temperature

Just like in the simulation, you can see that as the temperature increases, the diffusion process happens more quickly.

This is because the particles in a hotter liquid are moving faster.

The particles in a hot liquid store more thermal energy than in a cold liquid.

Atoms, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

What are elements?A simple bite-sized guide, with video, explaining the concept of chemical elements for lower-secondary students.

Elements

Understanding what elements are is fundamental to understanding chemistry.

If we can identify what different elements are in a substance, we can work out how it will react with other substances.

This will help us to understand how the poisonous gasses in World War I caused so much suffering through their chemical reactions.

The Periodic Table

The periodic table organises the different elements by the size of their atoms. Hydrogen is the smallest type of atom.

Remember elements are different from each other, because each element is made of atoms that have a specific size.

So pure oxygen is made of only oxygen atoms, and these are larger than say carbon atoms.

Atoms, elements and compounds - Revision 1 - KS3 Chemistry - BBC BitesizeLearn about the differences between atoms, elements and compounds with BBC Bitesize KS3 Science.

Quiz

Use this quiz to help you to revise.

This quiz helps you to visualise the differences between atoms, molecules, elements, compounds and mixtures.

You can use your notes from your blue STEAM book and the periodic table to help you with the quizzes.

Here are the slides from our lesson too.

X26 Y7.1 CS2 Element or Compound

BBC Bitesize Quiz

Atoms, elements and compounds - Test - KS3 Chemistry - BBC BitesizeLearn about the differences between atoms, elements and compounds with BBC Bitesize KS3 Science.

More Quizzes

Separating Mixtures

Separating mixtures - Revision 1 - KS3 Chemistry - BBC BitesizeStudy how mixtures can be separated using filtration, evaporation, distillation and chromatography with BBC Bitesize KS3 Science.

Here are the slides from our sessions on separating mixtures

X26 Slides - Separating Mixtures

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