The Life and Death of Stars: White Dwarfs, Supernovae, Neutron Stars, and Black Holes
This is the nuclear fusion process which fuels the Sun and other stars which have core temperatures less than 15 million Kelvin.
In stars with central temperatures greater than 15 million Kelvin, carbon fusion is thought to take over the dominant role rather than hydrogen fusion.
If the central temperature of a star exceeds 100 million Kelvins, as may happen in the later phase of red giants and red super giants, then helium can fuse to form beryllium and then carbon.
Star Death and the Creation of Elements - Wonders of the Universe: Stardust, preview - BBC Two
Prof Brian Cox how the heavier elements formed
MIT open course: Formation of the Heaviest Elements