Chemical properties of Matter

Chemical properties and physical properties are two distinct categories used to describe and characterize matter. They provide different types of information about substances and materials.

• Chemical Properties: These properties describe how a substance interacts with other substances or undergoes chemical changes. Chemical properties are related to the substance's ability to participate in chemical reactions. They involve the breaking and forming of chemical bonds, leading to the creation of new substances with different properties.
• Physical Properties: These properties describe the state, appearance, and behavior of a substance without changing its chemical composition. Physical properties provide information about how a substance behaves under various conditions, such as its color, density, melting point, and solubility.

A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, known as reactants, undergo a transformation to produce one or more new substances, known as products, with different chemical properties. 

• • During a chemical reaction, chemical bonds between atoms in the reactants are broken and new bonds are formed to create the products. 
  • The fundamental principle of a chemical reaction is the conservation of matter, which means that the total number of atoms of each element must remain the same on both sides of the reaction (reactants and products), although their arrangement and combinations change.

 Chemical properties are observed when substances undergo chemical changes or reactions that result in the formation of new substances with different chemical compositions and properties.

Chemical changes are synonymous with chemical reactions. A chemical reaction is the specific process that represents a chemical change. In other words, a chemical change occurs during a chemical reaction.

Characteristics of Chemical Changes:

• • Formation of New Substances: In a chemical change, new substances are produced with different chemical compositions and properties compared to the original reactants.
  • Chemical Bonds Are Broken and Formed: The chemical bonds holding the atoms or molecules in the reactants together are broken, and new chemical bonds are formed to create the products.
  • Energy Changes: Chemical changes often involve changes in energy. Some reactions release energy (exothermic reactions), while others absorb energy from the surroundings (endothermic reactions).
  • Not Easily Reversible: Chemical changes are often difficult to reverse. Once the reactants have transformed into products, it is typically challenging or impossible to revert to the original substances without using different chemical reactions.