Credits
Thanks to our contributors!
A special thanks to Dorothy Butler and Wayne Pachuta for providing additional information, Mike Theisler from Steel Valley Artifacts, and the Mahoning Valley Historical Society for providing additional photographs for the exhibit.
The virtual exhibit was created by graduate students Brooke Bobovnyik of the YSU History Program (Department of Humanities and Social Sciences), Jacob Harver, graduate student of the YSU American Studies Program (Department of Humanities and Social Sciences), Christopher Gillett, and Matthew Franks. It was overseen by Dr. Thomas Leary, Professor and Director of the Applied History Program at YSU.
Bibliography of Sources
PICTURE SOURCES
Home Banner : screenshot of Brown Bonnell District from drone footage by Jacob Harver
------- Settling and Transportation History:
Banner: "Downtown Youngstown." Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/540361655290426299/.
"A historic conestoga wagon." Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/2012645747/.
"Cheese factory on State Route 45 photograph." Ohio Memory. https://ohiomemory.org/digital/collection/p16007coll64/id/11/rec/4.
"Cleveland and Mahoning Valley Railroad." Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_and_Mahoning_Valley_Railroad#Independent_railroad:_1857_to_1863.
"Fredonia." Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/475129829407647240/.
"From Horse-car to Bus: Public Transportation in Youngstown." Mahoning Valley History. August 22, 2007. http://mahoninghistory.blogspot.com/2007/08/from-horse-car-to-bus-public.html.
"First car from Chevrolet-Fisher Body Plant." Michael Schwartz Library, Cleveland State University. Cleveland Memory. https://clevelandmemory.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/youngstown/id/68/rec/5.
Fleischer, Richard K. "Liberty and Vienna Railroad." Trumbull County Historical Society. https://www.trumbullcountyhistory.com/liberty-vienna-railroad/#:~:text=The%20Liberty%20%26%20Vienna%20Railroad%20was%20organized%20in,the%20intersection%20of%20SR%20193%20and%20SR%20304..
Fleischer, Richard K. "Pittsburgh, Youngstown, and Ashtabula Railroad." Trumbull County Historical Society. https://www.trumbullcountyhistory.com/pittsburgh-youngstown-ashtabula-railroad/.
"Free bus rides in the Valley to celebrate 'Dump the Pump' day." Pinterest. www.pinterest.com/pin/531213718546225559/.
"Hot metal mixer." Ohio Memory. https://ohiomemory.org/digital/collection/p15005coll10/id/3148/rec/43.
"Horsecar Photos." Columbus Railroads. http://www.columbusrailroads.com/new/utility/slideshow.php?file=live%2F03Streetcars%2Fhome.txt&num=.
"John Young (pioneer)." Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Young_(pioneer).
Mahoning River Corridor. From "Mahoning River Corridor Restoration and Dam Removal." VibrantNEO. vibrantneo.org/vibrant-neo-champion-awards/mahoning-river-corridor-restoration-and-dam-removal/.
"Map of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad with its branches and connections." Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3701p.rr003400/?r=0.138,-0.08,0.857,0.545,0.
"1905 Mahoning Tonneu, Mahoning Motor Car Co., Youngstown Ohio 1904-1905." Early American Automobiles. https://www.earlyamericanautomobiles.com/1905.htm.
"Packard Motor Caro Company." MyCompanies. https://mycompanies.fandom.com/wiki/Packard_Motor_Car_Company.
"Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal." Samuel Lane Collection. Summit Memory. https://www.summitmemory.org/digital/collection/lane/id/33.
"Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne, and Chicago Railway." Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Fort_Wayne_and_Chicago_Railway.
"Pittsburgh, Youngstown, and Ashtabula Railroad Co. Stock Certificate A1489 - 1890s." Numismaclub. http://numismaclub.com/unt/111395-pittsburgh__youngstown__ashtabula_railroad_co_stock_certificate_a1489___1890__s.html.
"Pittsburgh, Youngstown, and Ashtabula Railway Co. Stock Certificate." Historic Pittsburgh. https://historicpittsburgh.org/islandora/object/pitt:31735070382134.
P&LE Pittsburgh and Lake Erie." Appalachian Railroad Modeling. https://appalachianrailroadmodeling.com/railroads/historic-appalachian-railroads/ple/.
"The Stagecoach,." Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/2018756637/.
"Youngstown and Southern." Lamont Downs. http://www.twinplanets.com/rr/slides/R_YS_OH.YO__70.07.30.01_R.html.
"Youngstown Municipal Railway Company car 3857 at the barns." Columbus Metropolitan Library. https://digital-collections.columbuslibrary.org/digital/collection/transport/id/6847/.
-------Industrial History:
Banner - "Aerial View of Youngstown." Steel Valley Artifacts. Sent by Mike Theisler.
"Exterior of Engine Room, containing United-Tod Twin-Tandem Engine, for 40" Blooming Mill - Republic Iron and Steel Company, Youngstown Works..." Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/resource/hhh.oh1764.photos/?sp=1.
"Puddlers." Getty Images. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/illustration/puddling-furnace-royalty-free-illustration/172456914?adppopup=true.
"Puddling Furnace." Getty Images. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/illustration/schematic-drawing-of-a-puddling-furnace-royalty-free-illustration/1330202786?adppopup=true.
-------Bessemer Converter Jobs:
Banner Image: "Bessemer converter filling." Ohio History Connection. Ohio Memory. https://ohiomemory.org/digital/collection/p15005coll10/id/3671/rec/5.
-------Residential History:
Banner Image : Ruger, A, Beck & Pauli, Ruger & Stoner, and J. J Stoner. Panoramic view of the city of Youngstown, county seat of Mahoning Co., Ohio. Madison, Wis.: Ruger & Stoner, 1882. Map. Library of Congress , Geography and Map Division. https://www.loc.gov/item/81691464/.
------- Conclusion:
Banner Image: "1910 view from Market Street." Courtesy of Youngstown Historical Center of Industry and Labor.
-------Credits:
Banner Image - Screenshot from drone footage by Jacob Harver.
INFORMATION SOURCES
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Burns, Adam. "Akron, Canton & Youngstown Railroad: 'Ohio's Road of Service,'" American Rails. www.american-rails.com/acy.html.
Butler, Joseph G. The History of Youngstown and the Mahoning Valley. Vol. 1, 1921.
"Covelli Centre." Wikipedia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covelli_Centre#:~:text=The%20Covelli%20Centre%20is%20a%20multi-purpose%20arena%20in,Youngstown%20Phantoms%20of%20the%20United%20States%20Hockey%20League.
Coverdale and Colpits Consulting Engineers. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company: Corporate, Financial, and Construction History of Lines Owned, Operated, and Controlled to December 31, 1945. Vol III. Allen, Lane, & Scott: Philadelphia, P.A., 1946. Hagely Digital Archives. https://digital.hagley.org/PARR_61213_coverdale_vol3#page/1/mode/2up.
DeMarco, Laura. "Production ends at Lordstown: A visual history of the Ohio GM plant, cars and workers who made them." Cleveland.com. March 6, 2019. https://www.cleveland.com/news/g66l-2019/03/18e0c270c78008/production-ends-at-lordstown-a-visual-history-of-the-ohio-gm-plant-cars-and-workers-who-made-them.html.
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"From Horse-car to Bus: Public Transportation in Youngstown." Mahoning Valley History. August 22, 2007. http://mahoninghistory.blogspot.com/2007/08/from-horse-car-to-bus-public.html.
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O'Brien, Dan. "Brilex Industries Prepares to Grow Again." Business Journal. October 5, 2011. http://archive.businessjournaldaily.com/brilex-industries-prepares-grow-again-2011-10-5.
Ruminski, Clayton J. Iron Valley: The Transformation of the Iron Industry in Ohio's Mahoning Valley, 1802-1913. The Ohio State University Press, 2017.
Olson, Andrew. "Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal (1825-1875)." Trumbull County Historical Society. https://www.trumbullcountyhistory.com/the-pennsylvania-ohio-canal/.
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"Puddling (Metallurgy)." Chem Europe. https://www.chemeurope.com/en/encyclopedia/Puddling_%28metallurgy%29.html.
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Runyan, Ed. "Tyler history lesson: Early Youngstown autos featured." The Vindicator. December 28, 2019. https://www.vindy.com/news/local-news/2019/12/tyler-history-lesson-early-youngstown-autos-featured/.
"The History of Packard." Classics and Beyond. https://www.classicsbeyond.com/history-of-packard#:~:text=The%20first%20Packard%20was%20built,Motor%20Car%20Company%20in%201902.
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