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GLOSSARY
Ageing population
A higher average age of the population.
Demography
The statistical study of population trends, such as birth rates, death rates, age distribution, and net migration rates.
Dismissal
The employer’s decision to terminate a worker’s employment contract, usually due to the worker’s incompetence and/or a breach of their employment contract.
External factors
The issues or factors that are beyond the control of the organization, e.g., national minimum wage legislation.
Flexitime
A form of flexible work practice that enables employees to work a set number of core hours each week, often at the office during peak periods of the day and/or week.
Geographical mobility
The ability and willingness of employees to relocate to another location or country for work reasons.
Gig economy
Labour markets in which people are on short-term, impromptu, temporary contracts. This includes freelance worker and independent contractors.
Homeworking
Also referred to as work from home (WFH), this is an aspect of flexitime that involves people using their homes to conduct their jobs.
Human resource management
HRM is a broad term used to describe the overall management of an organization's workforce, e.g. attracting, selecting, training, assessing, rewarding and retaining workers.
Human resource planning
Also known as workforce planning, this is the management process of anticipating the organization’s current and future human resource needs.
Internal factors
The issues or features that are within the control of the organization, e.g., staff remuneration and approaches to training.
Labour mobility
Measures the extent to which workers have the ability and willingness to move between geographical locations and/or occupations for their employment.
Migrant workers
People who move to other countries in search of better job opportunities.
Net migration
This measures the difference between the number of people from abroad who enter a country (immigration) and the number of people who leave (emigration), usually for employment purposes.
Occupational mobility
The ability and willingness of employees to do another job or pursue a different career.
Portfolio workers
People who carry out several different jobs, often for different contractors, at the same time and usually on a temporary basis.
Redundancy
Occurs when an organization no longer has a job for the employee or when the employer can no longer afford to hire the employee, i.e., the job ceases to exist.
Teleworking
Flexible working practice that involves employees being away from the office as they rely on the use of telecommunications technologies, e.g. Internet and mobile technologies.
Training
This is the provision of work-related education, either on-the-job or off-the-job, such as instructing and teaching (or mentoring) employees how to perform certain tasks in their job.
Workforce
The total number of employees in a business organization at any particular point in time.
Workforce planning
Also known as human resource planning, this refers to the ongoing process through which the current and future human resource needs of a business are identified and anticipated.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
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