This type of document is commonly used for job and scholarship applications to state the reasons the author is qualified in ways that cannot be fully expressed on the resume. Below is an example and several links.
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/723/03/
http://hls.harvard.edu/dept/opia/job-search-toolkit/sample-cover-letters/
http://careers.ucsc.edu/student/resumecoverltr/resume.html
https://careers.unc.edu/students/resumes-and-letters/resumes-and-cvs
http://drexel.edu/scdc/professional-pointers/application-materials/resumes/
While Resumes and CVs serve similar purposes, they are different. CVs state the entire history of a candidate, whereas a resume is designed to give a snap-shot of experience.
https://www.cv-library.co.uk/career-advice/cv/how-to-write-a-cv-tips-for-2017/
http://www.northeastern.edu/careers/jobs-internships/resumes/cv-writing/
http://uni.edu/~gotera/gradapp/stmtpurpose.htm
http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/grant-proposals-or-give-me-the-money/
https://www.kurzweiledu.com/files/proof_resources_grant1.pdf