VH Dissector: Foregut

In this section, we will focus on the blood supply and viscera associated with the foregut. These organs are all supplied by the celiac trunk.

Add the celiac trunk.

STEP 1

Next, add the splenic artery.

STEP 2

Add the left gastric artery.

STEP 3

Add the common hepatic artery.

STEP 4

You have now added all of the direct branches of the celiac trunk.

ROTATE the cadaver model to visualize these branches.

Next, add the spleen.

STEP 5

Now add the major branches of the common hepatic artery:

Add the hepatic artery proper.

STEP 6

Add the left branch of the hepatic artery proper.

STEP 7

Add the right branch of the hepatic artery proper.

STEP 8

Add the left lobe of the liver.

STEP 9

Add the right lobe of the liver.

STEP 10

Add the right gastric artery.

STEP 11

Now add the stomach.

STEP 12

Which arteries supply the lesser curvature of the stomach? Which supply the greater curvature? How does this blood supply relate to embryological development?

The left and right gastric arteries form a loop that effectively allows for collateral flow to the lesser curvature of the stomach.

The left and right gastroepiploic arteries form an anastomosis supplying the greater curvature of the stomach.

The short gastric arteries (branches of splenic) supply the fundus of the stomach.

The arrangement of these vessels is because of the initial 90-degree rotation of the foregut during embryological development

Let's explore these branches in the virtual cadaver:

Add the left gastroepiploic artery. Note that it is the largest branch of the splenic artery.

STEP 13

Add the gastroduodenal artery. Note it branches from the common hepatic artery. Once the gastroduodenal artery branches off, the common hepatic changes its name to the proper hepatic artery.

STEP 14

Add the right gastroepiploic artery. Note that it branches from the gastroduodenal artery.

STEP 15

Now we will follow branches that supply the pancreas.

Add the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. It is also a branch of the gastroduodenal artery.

Note that an additional branch of the gastroduodenal artery is the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. It is not shown in this cadaver.

STEP 14

Next, add the greater pancreatic artery. It is a branch of the splenic artery. This branch, along with other small branches from the splenic artery supply the body of the pancreas.

STEP 15

Note that the head of the pancreas is supplied by the continuation of the gastroduodenal artery -- the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery -- as it passes behind the first portion of the duodenum. Why does this make sense embryologically?

This is because of the anterior (ventral) pancreatic bud rotates and joins the posterior (dorsal) bud of the pancreas. Therefore, each bud has a separate blood supply.

Add the pancreas.

STEP 16

Add the duodenum.

STEP 17

Now rotate, dissect, and highlight this area to get the full effect of organs and their interaction with the blood supply.

Add the kidneys, renal arteries and lumbar arteries for reference.

STEP 18

Remember that the kidneys, duodenum and most of the pancreas are retroperitoneal.

Continue to the next page for the virtual dissection of the mid-gut and hind-gut viscera and their blood supply from the superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries respectively

Credits:

VH Dissector steps modified for Drexel Dissector by Dr. Haviva Goldman from original website activity created by Jeffrey Fahl, MD, Kyle Petersen, PhD, Richard Drake, PhD, Alesha Petitt, MA, Claira Ralston, MS and Kim Price, MA and modified by Jeffrey Fahl, MD, Michael Smith, PhD, Albany Medical College.

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