Methods refer to the manual or digital processes used to evolve design ideas, concepts and solutions. Methods can include but are not limited to drawing, collage, printing, photography, model-making and prototyping.

Media are the manual and digital applications used to visually communicate ideas and information. Manual examples can include but are not limited to pencil, ink, markers, paint and analogue film. Digital examples can include but are not limited to software, apps and online platforms used for graphic, game or interaction design, web development, concept art, illustration, three-dimensional modelling and rendering, photo editing and animation.

Materials are the surfaces or substrates on or from which designs are made. Examples can include but are not limited to paper, card, textile, metal, plastic, glass, touchscreen or digital interface.