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According to the Learning Disabilities Association of America, A Learning Disability involves difficulty in one or more, but not uniformly in all, basic psychological processes.
Input (Auditory and Visual Perception)
Integration (Sequencing, Abstraction, and Organization)
Memory (Working, Short term, and Long-term memory)
Output (Expressive Language)
Motor (Fine and Gross motor)
Dyslexia
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is an unexpected difficulty in reading for an individual due to a difficulty in phonological processing, which affects the ability of an individual to speak, read, spell, and write.
Indicators of Dyslexia
Reads slowly
Decoding errors
Difficulty with handwriting
Problems with math computations
Substitutions
Disgraphia
Disgraphia
Dysgraphia basically refers to problems with writing. It includes transcription skills; handwriting, typing, and spelling. Fluency in these skills is critical in developing mathematics understanding.
Indicators of Dysgraphia
Slow writing
Problems in spacing letters and words
Problems holding a pencil-style tool
Problems writing in a straight line
Problems spelling
Discalculia
Discalculia
Dyscalculia is exhibited through a poor comprehension of math symbols, struggles with memorizing and organizing numbers, problems with counting, and problems telling time.
Indicators of Dyscalculia
Problems with place value
Problems with word problems
Problems with fractions
Difficulties in concepts related to time
Difficulty with organization
Leveraging technology tools in the classroom that support learning, ELA, and math skills will support all student learner profiles and allow teachers to focus on the requirements of the grade-level standards.
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